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Alfaxalone-Based Anesthetic Combinations to Minimize Anesthesia-Induced Transient Lens Opacity in Rats (Rattus

Atsuko Yamashita¹, Yoshinori Yamagiwa²

¹1Department of Pharmacology Research, Discovery Research Division, Senju Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan; and.

Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS

|June 17, 2026

Summary

Alfaxalone-based anesthesia in rats causes milder, transient lens opacity compared to ketamine-xylazine. This alfaxalone combination offers a promising option for ophthalmic research, minimizing interference with ocular data acquisition.

Keywords:

AB, alfaxalone–butorphanol AKB, alfaxalone–ketamine–butorphanol AMB, alfaxalone–midazolam–butorphanol Alx, alfaxalone BT, body temperature HPβCD, hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin HR, heart rate KX, ketamine–xylazine

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Area of Science:

Veterinary Anesthesiology
Ophthalmology Research

Background:

Anesthesia can induce temporary lens opacity in rodents, complicating ocular research.
Ketamine-xylazine is a common anesthetic but known to cause significant lens opacity.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate alfaxalone-based anesthetic combinations for preventing anesthesia-induced lens opacity in rats.
To compare the efficacy of alfaxalone protocols against ketamine-xylazine for ophthalmic studies.

Main Methods:

Screening of alfaxalone anesthetic protocols for suitability.
Evaluation of transient lens opacity induction by alfaxalone-butorphanol and alfaxalone-midazolam-butorphanol.
Comparison with ketamine-xylazine-induced lens opacity.

Main Results:

Alfaxalone-based anesthetics induced significantly milder lens opacity than ketamine-xylazine.
Alfaxalone combinations effectively suppressed reflex responses.
Alfaxalone-midazolam-butorphanol provided adequate anesthesia depth and duration for eye morphology assessment.

Conclusions:

Alfaxalone-midazolam-butorphanol is a potential anesthetic for rat ophthalmic studies.
This combination offers a safer alternative by reducing anesthesia-induced lens opacity.
It facilitates accurate ocular data acquisition in research settings.