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Biological Clocks and Seasonal Responses02:45

Biological Clocks and Seasonal Responses

The circadian—or biological—clock is an intrinsic, timekeeping, molecular mechanism that allows plants to coordinate physiological activities over 24-hour cycles called circadian rhythms. Photoperiodism is a collective term for the biological responses of plants to variations in the relative lengths of dark and light periods. The period of light-exposure is called the photoperiod.
Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation02:19

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent years,...
Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation02:19

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent years,...
Chronopharmacokinetics: Circadian Rhythms and Influence on Drug Response01:15

Chronopharmacokinetics: Circadian Rhythms and Influence on Drug Response

Circadian rhythms are cyclic changes that are crucial in plasma drug concentrations. Various standard circadian parameters, including core body temperature, heart rate, and other cardiovascular factors, directly impact disease states and the therapeutic response to drug therapy.
The time of drug administration is an important factor to consider, as it can influence the toxic dose of a drug. For example, a study conducted by Prins et al. in 1997 examined the effects of the timing of...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2026

In Vitro Bioluminescence Assay to Characterize Circadian Rhythm in Mammary Epithelial Cells
11:56

In Vitro Bioluminescence Assay to Characterize Circadian Rhythm in Mammary Epithelial Cells

Published on: September 28, 2017

Biological Clocks: Ready for Prime Time?

Timothy Meagher

    Journal of Insurance Medicine (New York, N.Y.)
    |June 17, 2026
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Biological age testing is increasingly popular, but its scientific validity and use in life insurance require careful examination. This article assesses the reliability of biological age metrics and their implications for underwriting.

    Keywords:
    Biological Age predictionBiological ClocksBiological ageDNA methylationEpigenetic clocksMethylation profilesPace-of-Aging

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    Last Updated: Jun 18, 2026

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    11:56

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    Published on: September 28, 2017

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    06:53

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    Published on: November 11, 2016

    Monitoring Cell-autonomous Circadian Clock Rhythms of Gene Expression Using Luciferase Bioluminescence Reporters
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    Monitoring Cell-autonomous Circadian Clock Rhythms of Gene Expression Using Luciferase Bioluminescence Reporters

    Published on: September 27, 2012

    Area of Science:

    • Gerontology and Longevity Science
    • Biomarkers of Aging
    • Health Economics and Insurance

    Background:

    • The concept of biological age has gained significant traction, with commercial entities offering tests and interventions.
    • Longevity clinics and direct-to-consumer companies are actively marketing biological age assessments.
    • There is a growing public and commercial interest in quantifying and potentially modifying the aging process.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To critically evaluate the scientific validity of current biological age testing methodologies.
    • To assess the potential applications and limitations of biological age in life insurance underwriting.
    • To provide an evidence-based perspective on the reliability of biological age metrics.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of scientific literature on biological age markers and predictive accuracy.
    • Analysis of commercial biological age testing platforms and their underlying science.
    • Evaluation of existing research on aging biomarkers and mortality risk.
    • Assessment of the actuarial principles relevant to life insurance underwriting.

    Main Results:

    • Current biological age tests vary widely in methodology and predictive power.
    • The scientific basis for many commercial biological age claims requires further validation.
    • The utility of biological age in life insurance underwriting is currently limited by standardization and validation issues.
    • Predictive accuracy of biological age for mortality risk is an active area of research.

    Conclusions:

    • While biological age is a compelling concept, its scientific rigor and practical application, particularly in insurance, are still evolving.
    • Further research is needed to standardize methods and validate the predictive capabilities of biological age tests.
    • The use of biological age in life insurance underwriting should proceed with caution, emphasizing robust scientific evidence and actuarial soundness.