Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

The Z-Scheme of Electron Transport in Photosynthesis01:34

The Z-Scheme of Electron Transport in Photosynthesis

The light reactions of photosynthesis assume a linear flow of electrons from water to NADP+. During this process, light energy drives the splitting of water molecules to produce oxygen. However, oxidation of water molecules is a thermodynamically unfavorable reaction and requires a strong oxidizing agent. This is accomplished by the first product of light reactions: oxidized P680 (or P680+), the most powerful oxidizing agent known in biology. The oxidized P680 that acquires an electron from the...
Oxygenic Photosynthesis01:26

Oxygenic Photosynthesis

Oxygenic photosynthesis is a fundamental process in which light energy is harnessed to drive the oxidation of water, leading to the production of molecular oxygen (O₂), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH). This process is essential for sustaining aerobic life on Earth and is primarily carried out by cyanobacteria, algae, and plants. The core of oxygenic photosynthesis lies in the thylakoid membranes, where chlorophyll pigments facilitate light...
Thermal and Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Overview01:26

Thermal and Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Overview

Electrocyclic reactions are reversible reactions. They involve an intramolecular cyclization or ring-opening of a conjugated polyene. Shown below are two examples of electrocyclic reactions. In the first reaction, the formation of the cyclic product is favored. In contrast, in the second reaction, ring-opening is favored due to the high ring strain associated with cyclobutene formation.
Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Stereochemistry01:26

Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Stereochemistry

The absorption of UV–visible light by conjugated systems causes the promotion of an electron from the ground state to the excited state. Consequently, photochemical electrocyclic reactions proceed via the excited-state HOMO rather than the ground-state HOMO. Since the ground- and excited-state HOMOs have different symmetries, the stereochemical outcome of electrocyclic reactions depends on the mode of activation; i.e., thermal or photochemical.
Selection Rules: Photochemical Activation

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

In vivo assessment of naringenin-mediated amelioration of lead-induced testicular injury in rats: regulation of Nrf2/Keap1 and PINK1/Parkin pathways.

Journal of environmental science and health. Part A, Toxic/hazardous substances & environmental engineering·2026
Same author

Publisher Correction: In situ nanocrystal confinement for efficient blue perovskite LEDs.

Nature·2026
Same author

Development and Validation of an Interpretable Machine Learning Model for Predicting 1-Year Cardiac Death After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Multicenter Study.

Journal of the American Heart Association·2026
Same author

In situ nanocrystal confinement for efficient blue perovskite LEDs.

Nature·2026
Same author

Myeloid ATF3 Protects Against Liver Fibrosis by Modulating the Extracellular Microenvironment and Macrophage Inflammatory Signaling.

FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology·2026
Same author

Zirconia in dentistry: A 25-year bibliometric analysis of research trends, thematic evolution, and emerging frontiers.

Journal of dentistry·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Preparation of Polyoxometalate-based Photo-responsive Membranes for the Photo-activation of Manganese Oxide Catalysts
05:47

Preparation of Polyoxometalate-based Photo-responsive Membranes for the Photo-activation of Manganese Oxide Catalysts

Published on: August 7, 2018

High-Entropy Perovskite Oxide Enables Visible-Light-Driven Overall Water Splitting via "inner-Z-Scheme" Pathway.

Hao Ling1, Aomiao Zhi1, Lei Liao1,2

  • 1Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|June 17, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

High-entropy engineering creates novel semiconductor photocatalysts. A new material, Na(HE)O₃, uses an "inner-Z-scheme" for efficient visible-light water splitting without cocatalysts.

More Related Videos

Preparation and Use of Photocatalytically Active Segmented Ag|ZnO and Coaxial TiO2-Ag Nanowires Made by Templated Electrodeposition
12:47

Preparation and Use of Photocatalytically Active Segmented Ag|ZnO and Coaxial TiO2-Ag Nanowires Made by Templated Electrodeposition

Published on: May 2, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Preparation of Polyoxometalate-based Photo-responsive Membranes for the Photo-activation of Manganese Oxide Catalysts
05:47

Preparation of Polyoxometalate-based Photo-responsive Membranes for the Photo-activation of Manganese Oxide Catalysts

Published on: August 7, 2018

Preparation and Use of Photocatalytically Active Segmented Ag|ZnO and Coaxial TiO2-Ag Nanowires Made by Templated Electrodeposition
12:47

Preparation and Use of Photocatalytically Active Segmented Ag|ZnO and Coaxial TiO2-Ag Nanowires Made by Templated Electrodeposition

Published on: May 2, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Photocatalysis
  • Renewable Energy

Background:

  • High-entropy materials offer tunable electronic structures for advanced applications.
  • Semiconductor photocatalysts are crucial for solar energy conversion.
  • Designing efficient photocatalysts for full-spectrum solar utilization remains a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer a high-entropy semiconductor photocatalyst for efficient visible-light-driven overall water splitting.
  • To investigate the mechanism of an "inner-Z-scheme" photoexcitation in a novel high-entropy material.
  • To demonstrate the potential of high-entropy stabilization for band-structure engineering in photocatalysis.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of a single-phase high-entropy perovskite oxide (Na(HE)O₃) by incorporating transition-metal cations into a NaNbO₃ host.
  • Characterization using electron microscopy and spectroscopic analyses to confirm structure and electronic properties.
  • Evaluation of photocatalytic activity for overall water splitting under simulated solar illumination (AM 1.5G).

Main Results:

  • The synthesized Na(HE)O₃ material exhibited a highly crystalline structure with characteristic short-range lattice distortions.
  • Spectroscopic analyses revealed a pronounced intermediate-band feature enabling sub-bandgap excitation and visible-light response.
  • The material achieved stable overall water splitting with a solar-to-hydrogen efficiency of 1.34% without cocatalysts.

Conclusions:

  • High-entropy engineering is a viable strategy for designing semiconductor photocatalysts with tailored electronic structures.
  • The "inner-Z-scheme" facilitated by the intermediate band in Na(HE)O₃ enables efficient visible-light water splitting.
  • High-entropy-stabilized intermediate-band semiconductors represent a promising platform for advanced photocatalyst design.