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Related Concept Videos

Alkali Metals03:06

Alkali Metals

Group 1 elements are soft and shiny metallic solids. They are malleable, ductile, and good conductors of heat and electricity. The melting points of the alkali metals are unusually low for metals and decrease going down the group, while the density increases going down the group with the exception of potassium (Table 1).
Table 1: Properties of the alkali metals
Qualitative Analysis03:46

Qualitative Analysis

For solutions containing mixtures of different cations, the identity of each cation can be determined by qualitative analysis. This technique involves a series of selective precipitations with different chemical reagents, each reaction producing a characteristic precipitate for a specific group of cations. Metal ions within a group are further separated by varying the pH, heating the mixture to redissolve a precipitate, or adding other reagents to form complex ions.
For instance, group IV...
Electrolysis03:00

Electrolysis

In a galvanic cell, the electrical work is done by a redox system on its surroundings as electrons produced by the spontaneous redox reactions are transferred through an external circuit. Alternatively, an external circuit does work on a redox system by imposing a voltage sufficient to drive an otherwise nonspontaneous reaction in a process known as electrolysis. For instance, recharging a battery involves the use of an external power source to drive the spontaneous (discharge) cell reaction in...
Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer02:48

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions.
Gravimetry: Inorganic And Organic Precipitating Agents00:49

Gravimetry: Inorganic And Organic Precipitating Agents

In gravimetry, the precipitant is chosen carefully to obtain a pure solid that can be easily filtered. Common inorganic precipitants can be used to determine several cations and anions. In some cases, the formation of the same precipitate can be used to determine the cation and the anion. For example, the reaction of barium and chromate ions to give barium chromate is used to determine both barium and chromate. However, precipitates such as hydroxides, oxalates, and metal ammonium phosphates...

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Intrinsically Stable Amorphous Phases Unlock Sustainable Potassium Anodes.

Quan Pei1, Wang Lyu2, Tong Yuan1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials and Application Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan, P. R. China.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|June 17, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Amorphous phase engineering stabilizes non-graphite anodes for potassium-ion batteries, preventing structural degradation. This strategy enables durable, long-life batteries with minimal capacity decay over thousands of cycles.

Keywords:
alloying/conversion‐type anodeamorphous phase engineeringlong‐term cyclingpotassium‐ion battery

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Non-graphite anodes for potassium-ion batteries provide high capacity but face structural instability.
  • Repeated phase transitions during cycling lead to degradation and limited battery lifespan.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce amorphous phase engineering as a strategy to enhance the stability of potassium-ion battery anodes.
  • To demonstrate a general design paradigm for durable energy storage systems.

Main Methods:

  • Engineered amorphous phase materials to achieve structural isotropy and an open framework.
  • Utilized an amorphous (Bi,Sb)@C electrode as a proof of concept.
  • Conducted long-term cycling tests to evaluate stability and capacity retention.

Main Results:

  • The amorphous phase engineering strategy effectively mitigated volume strain during cycling.
  • The amorphous (Bi,Sb)@C electrode demonstrated exceptional long-term cycling stability.
  • Achieved an ultralow capacity decay rate of 0.005% per cycle over 3200 cycles (1100 days).

Conclusions:

  • Amorphous phase engineering is a viable strategy for overcoming structural degradation in potassium-ion battery anodes.
  • This approach offers a pathway toward developing durable, long-life potassium-ion batteries.
  • The principles may extend to other energy storage systems requiring enhanced stability.