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Addressing abortion through individual and community-level determinants: Evidence from Southern Ethiopia
Amanuel Yoseph1,2, Lakew Mussie3, Mehretu Belayneh1
1School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
Plos One
|June 17, 2026
Summary
Abortion prevalence in Ethiopia is linked to individual factors like education and autonomy, and community factors such as rural residence and health facility access. Interventions addressing these determinants are crucial for improving maternal health.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Reproductive Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Abortion is a major public health issue in Ethiopia, contributing significantly to maternal morbidity and mortality.
- Understanding the factors influencing abortion at both individual and community levels is critical for developing effective interventions.
- This study focuses on the Hawela Lida District in Southern Ethiopia to assess abortion prevalence and its multilevel determinants.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of abortion among women of reproductive age in Hawela Lida District.
- To identify individual-level factors associated with abortion.
- To identify community-level factors associated with abortion.
Main Methods:
- A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted with 3,526 women of reproductive age.
- Data were collected using a structured, pretested questionnaire between February and March 2025.
- Multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression analysis was used to identify determinants of abortion.
Main Results:
- The overall prevalence of abortion was 18.5%.
- Individual-level determinants included lack of formal education, unplanned pregnancies, and low decision-making autonomy.
- Community-level determinants included rural residence, distance to health facilities, and low mass media exposure.
Conclusions:
- Abortion in the study area is influenced by a combination of individual and community factors.
- Interventions should focus on enhancing family planning services, promoting women's empowerment, and improving access to healthcare and reproductive health information.
- Addressing these factors is essential to reduce abortion rates and improve maternal health outcomes in Ethiopia.
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