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RtERF1-activated RtXTH2 enhances aluminum tolerance in Rhodomyrtus tomentosa via modifying cell wall components.

Tingting Liu^1,2, Heng Yang¹, Ling Yang¹

¹Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Plant Conservation and Utilization in Southern China, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510 650, China.

The Plant Journal : for Cell and Molecular Biology

|June 17, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Aluminum (Al) toxicity harms plants in acidic soils. Researchers found that the RtERF1 gene activates the RtXTH2 gene, which helps Rhodomyrtus tomentosa plants tolerate Al stress by altering cell walls.

Keywords:

Rhodomyrtus tomentosa RtERF1 RtXTH2 aluminum tolerance

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Area of Science:

Plant Biology
Molecular Biology
Biochemistry

Background:

Acidic soils cause aluminum (Al³⁺) toxicity, inhibiting plant growth and crop yields.
Rhodomyrtus tomentosa is a valuable genetic resource for studying Al tolerance mechanisms.
Xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase (XTH) enzymes are crucial for plant adaptation to Al³⁺ stress.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of RtXTH genes in Al tolerance in Rhodomyrtus tomentosa.
To elucidate the regulatory mechanism of Al tolerance involving RtXTH2 and RtERF1.

Main Methods:

Identification and expression analysis of 29 RtXTH genes in R. tomentosa.
Subcellular localization of RtXTH2 and its functional analysis in Arabidopsis.
Investigating the interaction between RtERF1 and the RtXTH2 promoter.

Main Results:

Al³⁺ stress upregulated several RtXTH genes, with RtXTH2 showing the highest responsiveness in roots.
Overexpression of RtXTH2 enhanced Al tolerance in Arabidopsis by modifying cell wall composition.
RtERF1 directly activated RtXTH2 transcription, and silencing either gene impaired Al tolerance in R. tomentosa.

Conclusions:

RtERF1 acts as a transcriptional activator for RtXTH2 in response to Al stress.
The RtERF1-RtXTH2 pathway modifies cell wall properties to enhance Al tolerance in R. tomentosa.
This study reveals a key molecular mechanism underlying plant adaptation to aluminum toxicity.