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Dissection, MicroCT Scanning and Morphometric Analyses of the Baculum
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A Contribution to the Morphologic Variable Morphs and Diversity in Microthoracida.

Fan Wu1, Xuetong Zhao1, Yaohan Jiang1

  • 1Laboratory of Protozoans in Coastal Water Environments, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.

The Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology
|June 18, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study clarifies phylogenetic relationships within the Microthoracida ciliates using morphology and molecular data. It confirms the monophyly of Microthoracidae and Pseudomicrothoracidae families.

Keywords:
LeptopharynxPseudomicrothoraxmicrothoracidamolecular phylogenymorphology

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Area of Science:

  • Protistology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Nassophorean ciliates are crucial for understanding morphological diversification.
  • Phylogenetic relationships within the order Microthoracida remain poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate species relationships within the order Microthoracida.
  • To utilize a multifaceted approach combining morphological and molecular data.

Main Methods:

  • Phylogenetic analyses using morphological characteristics.
  • Phylogenetic analyses using molecular data (SSU rDNA sequences).
  • Comparative analysis of different populations and morphs.

Main Results:

  • Leptopharynx costatus costatus exhibits polymorphism, with basal body count as a key diagnostic character.
  • Comprehensive morphological and molecular data for Pseudomicrothorax dubius were established.
  • L. costatus costatus showed greater morphological variability, while P. dubius displayed higher molecular variability.
  • SSU rDNA sequence data supported the monophyly of Microthoracidae and Pseudomicrothoracidae.

Conclusions:

  • The study successfully clarifies phylogenetic relationships within Microthoracida.
  • Both Microthoracidae and Pseudomicrothoracidae families are confirmed as monophyletic.
  • Basal body count is identified as a significant diagnostic character for L. costatus costatus.