Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 14, 2026

Staphylococcus aureus Growth using Human Hemoglobin as an Iron Source
06:37

Staphylococcus aureus Growth using Human Hemoglobin as an Iron Source

Published on: February 7, 2013

Hemoglobin Cowtown (beta 146 HC3 His-Leu): a mutant with high oxygen affinity and erythrocytosis

R G Schneider, J E Bremner, B Brimhall

    American Journal of Clinical Pathology
    |December 1, 1979
    PubMed

    A new mutant, hemoglobin Cowtown, has been found in a white man and his father, both of whom have erythrocytosis. The father had previously been treated with 32P for polycythemia vera. The abnormal hemoglobin is not detectable on electrophoresis in alkaline buffers, but it resolves distinctively on electrophoresis in citrate agar, pH 6.0; similarly, the abnormal beta-globin chain does not separate from beta-A in urea 2-mercaptoethanol buffers of pH 8.9, but it moves anodically to beta-A at pH 6.0. Peptide chromatography and amino acid analysis of the beta chain reveal that the C-terminal histidine residue (beta 146) has been replaced by leucine. Like several other hemoglobins substituted at this residue, Hb Cowtown has a high oxygen affinity and a diminished Bohr effect.

    More Related Videos

    Measurement of Heme Synthesis Levels in Mammalian Cells09:43

    Measurement of Heme Synthesis Levels in Mammalian Cells

    Published on: July 9, 2015

    Fast and Specific Assessment of the Halogenating Peroxidase Activity in Leukocyte-enriched Blood Samples05:17

    Fast and Specific Assessment of the Halogenating Peroxidase Activity in Leukocyte-enriched Blood Samples

    Published on: July 28, 2016

    Related Concept Videos

    Gene Families01:57

    Gene Families

    Gene families consist of groups of genes proposed to have originated from a common ancestor. Typically these arise through events in which a gene or genes are mistakenly duplicated during cell division. Unlike their parent genes (which are subject to selection pressure to maintain function), these gene copies do not need to preserve their sequences and may evolve at a relatively faster rate.
    Occasionally these regions can be adapted to take on new roles within the organism, becoming novel genes...
    Lethal Alleles02:41

    Lethal Alleles

    Agouti: A Lethal Allele
    Lucien Cuénot discovered lethal alleles in 1905 while studying the inheritance of coat color in mice. The agouti gene is responsible for the color of the coat in mice. This gene codes for an agouti-signaling protein, which is responsible for melanin distribution in mammals. The wild-type allele gives rise to gray-brown coat color in mice, while the mutant allele gives rise to yellow coat color. In addition to coat color, the agouti gene is associated with the yellow...
    Erythropoiesis01:14

    Erythropoiesis

    Red blood cells  (RBCs) transport oxygen to all body tissues. These cells survive only for 120 days and then need to be replenished. Erythropoiesis is the process of RBC production. In healthy individuals, erythropoiesis ensures all tissues are amply supplied with oxygen. In addition, blood loss due to injury leads to a drop in the physiological oxygen level that will cause erythropoiesis. Any defect in erythropoiesis leads to several physiological disorders, including thalassemia, anemia, and...
    Hemoglobin01:24

    Hemoglobin

    Hemoglobin is a globular protein made up of four subunits. Two of these subunits are alpha chains, and the other two are beta chains. Each subunit contains a molecule of heme, which has an iron atom and can bind to oxygen. When an oxygen molecule binds to one heme group, it changes the shape of hemoglobin, making it easier for the other heme groups to bind oxygen as well.
    When all four heme groups are bound to oxygen, the resulting molecule is called oxyhemoglobin. As a result, arterial blood...
    Oxygen Transport in the Blood01:27

    Oxygen Transport in the Blood

    Hemoglobin (Hb) is a crucial molecule in the human body, consisting of four polypeptide chains, each bound to an iron-containing heme group. This unique structure enables hemoglobin to bind to oxygen, with each molecule capable of combining with four molecules of oxygen, leading to rapid and reversible oxygen loading. When fully loaded with oxygen, it is called oxyhemoglobin, while hemoglobin that has released oxygen is called reduced hemoglobin or deoxyhemoglobin. As hemoglobin binds oxygen,...
    Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy01:29

    Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

    Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...