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Post-Stroke Aspiration Pneumonia in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Cohort Study.
Naser Alotaibi1,2,3, Mohammed A Aldriweesh1,2, Latifah Aldohayan2,3
1Department of Neurology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Vascular Health and Risk Management
|June 18, 2026
Summary
Post-stroke aspiration pneumonia (AP) is a serious complication with high mortality. Lower Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores independently predict mortality in stroke patients with AP.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Infectious Diseases
- Critical Care Medicine
Background:
- Stroke is a major cause of disability and mortality.
- Post-stroke aspiration pneumonia (AP) is a frequent and severe complication.
- High mortality rates associated with AP necessitate further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the incidence and outcomes of post-stroke AP.
- To identify predictors of mortality in stroke patients with AP.
- To analyze clinical characteristics and management of AP in a tertiary care setting.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 5921 adult stroke patients from February 2016 to January 2024.
- Identification of 118 patients who developed AP within 90 days of stroke.
- Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses to determine mortality predictors.
Main Results:
- The incidence of AP was 1.99% (118/5921).
- In-hospital mortality was 22.0%.
- Lower Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score was the sole independent predictor of mortality (OR 0.777, p=0.019).
Conclusions:
- Post-stroke AP is a significant complication with a high mortality rate.
- Lower GCS scores are independently associated with increased mortality.
- Observed AP incidence may be lower than reported rates due to various factors.
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