Potential of real-time pollen data: perceived needs and symptom management among seasonal allergic rhinitis patients

Seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) affects up to 20% of the Dutch population and significantly impacts daily functioning and quality of life. Despite behavioural measures and pharmacotherapy, many individuals experience suboptimal symptom control. Real-time pollen data are increasingly available and may support improved anticipation and management of symptoms. We examined its perceived value and intended use.

A cross-sectional online questionnaire was conducted from April to June 2024 among 961 adults with self-reported or physician-diagnosed SAR, recruited via social media of the Dutch National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM). The questionnaire assessed symptoms, management strategies and effectiveness, perceived informational needs and usage, and demographic variables. Multinomial logistic regression identified factors associated with perceived informational needs.

Most participants used behavioural measures (58.1%) and medication (92.1%) to manage SAR symptoms, though perceived effectiveness varied. One in four expressed a need for more symptom management information. Younger age and moderate perceived impact on daily life were associated with increased informational needs on managing SAR. A third (35.4%) thought that real-time pollen data could contribute to managing SAR, with male gender and university education being associated with a perceived possible contribution. Real-time pollen data was valued for: confirmation of symptoms, limiting exposure to pollen and adjusting medication.

Findings indicate the potential for further optimisation of SAR symptom management and for fulfilling informational needs. Particularly men and those with university education thought that real-time pollen data could contribute to managing SAR. Information on the possible preventive use of pollen forecasts via accessible digital tools could enhance SAR self-management.