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Related Experiment Videos

Sacral Neuromodulation Outcomes for Managing Urinary Incontinence in Patients With Overactive and Neurogenic Bladder.

Chelsae Nugent1, Gabriel Carreño Galeano2, Kellen Choi2

  • 1Department of Urology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, USA.

Cureus
|June 18, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Related Concept Videos

The Micturition Reflex01:26

The Micturition Reflex

Urination, or micturition involves the coordination of the bladder's detrusor muscle and two sphincters to ensure controlled bladder emptying.
The process begins with bladder filling, where the bladder wall stretches as urine accumulates. This stretching activates the urine storage reflex, mediated by the sacral spinal segments and the pontine storage center. Efferent sympathetic impulses stimulate the detrusor muscle to relax and the internal urethral sphincter to contract, facilitating urine...
Urinary Bladder01:23

Urinary Bladder

The urinary bladder is a hollow, muscular sac that temporarily stores urine before it is expelled from the body. It can hold approximately 600 mL of urine prior to micturition. The bladder is retroperitoneal and located behind the pubic symphysis in the pelvic floor.
In males, the bladder is situated in front of the rectum, while in females, it is positioned anterior to the vagina and uterus. The bladder floor contains an inverted triangular area called the trigone, defined by the two ureteric...

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Sacral neuromodulation (SNM) significantly improves urinary symptoms for both neurogenic bladder (NGB) and overactive bladder (OAB) patients. Post-treatment outcomes were similar between NGB and OAB groups, showing SNM

Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Neurology
  • Medical Devices

Background:

  • Neurogenic bladder (NGB) and overactive bladder (OAB) are distinct conditions causing significant urinary dysfunction.
  • Sacral neuromodulation (SNM) is a therapeutic option for various lower urinary tract symptoms.
  • Assessing SNM efficacy across different etiologies is crucial for treatment optimization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate and compare urinary outcomes following sacral neuromodulation (SNM) implantation in patients diagnosed with neurogenic bladder (NGB) and overactive bladder (OAB).
  • To determine if baseline demographic and clinical differences between NGB and OAB patients influence SNM treatment success.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective chart review of 162 patients (50 NGB, 112 OAB) who underwent permanent SNM implantation.
Keywords:
incomplete bladder emptyingneurogenic bladderoveractive bladdersacral neuromodulationurinary incontinence (ui)

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of clinical encounters, operative reports, and patient-reported outcomes.
  • Statistical comparisons using Wilcoxon rank-sum, chi-squared, Fisher's exact, and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests (p<0.05 significance).

    • Main Results:

    • SNM implantation led to significant reductions in urinary frequency, daytime/nighttime voiding, incontinence episodes, and pad usage in both NGB and OAB cohorts.
    • NGB patients were younger and had lower BMI compared to the OAB group.
    • Despite differing baseline characteristics and presenting symptoms, post-SNM urinary outcomes were comparable between the NGB and OAB groups (p=0.2435).

    Conclusions:

    • Sacral neuromodulation (SNM) effectively improves urinary symptoms for both neurogenic bladder (NGB) and overactive bladder (OAB) patients.
    • SNM demonstrates comparable efficacy in improving urinary outcomes regardless of the underlying bladder dysfunction etiology.
    • Treatment success with SNM is better reflected by post-implant outcomes than by diagnostic category alone, supporting its use across diverse bladder dysfunction types.