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rRNA intermediates associate with nucleolar reshaping in C. elegans.

Jiewei Cheng1, Liang Liu1, Demin Xu1

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, The USTC RNA Institute, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles & Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.

Nucleic Acids Research
|June 18, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nucleolar structure reorganizes based on ribosomal RNA (rRNA) biogenesis status. Specific rRNA intermediates, like Ce.22SB pre-rRNA, correlate with distinct nucleolar architectures, impacting nematode development.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • The nucleolus is vital for ribosome biogenesis, but the coordination of its organization by ribosomal RNA (rRNA) events is not fully understood.
  • Previous work showed 27SA2 pre-rRNA accumulation leads to nucleolar rings and vacuoles in C. elegans.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how pre-18S rRNA processing and rRNA transcription impact nucleolar structure.
  • To identify key rRNA intermediates and proteins involved in nucleolar reorganization.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic investigation of rRNA processing and transcription defects.
  • Depletion of ribosomal proteins (class I RPLs and RPSs).
  • Inhibition of rRNA transcription.
  • Tracking ribosomal DNA (rDNA) localization using a lacI::tagRFP/lacO system.
  • Analysis of nucleolar protein redistribution.

Main Results:

  • Defects in rRNA processing/transcription cause nucleolar architecture reorganization.
  • Class I RPS depletion induced concentric three-layered nucleoli; rRNA transcription inhibition yielded sandwich-like nucleoli.
  • Nucleolar proteins and rDNA redistributed into distinct compartments during reorganization.
  • Ce.22SB pre-rRNA accumulation correlated with concentric-spherical nucleoli.
  • NUCL-1, FIB-1, and LPD-6 are essential for nucleolar reorganization and nematode development under impaired rRNA production.

Conclusions:

  • Nucleolar architecture is intrinsically linked to the state of rRNA biogenesis.
  • Specific accumulating rRNA intermediates are associated with the formation of distinct nucleolar structures.
  • Conserved nucleolar proteins play critical roles in regulating nucleolar architecture during impaired rRNA production.