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Related Concept Videos

Experimental RNAi02:15

Experimental RNAi

RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
Riboswitches01:56

Riboswitches

Riboswitches are non-coding mRNA domains that regulate the transcription and translation of downstream genes without the help of proteins. Riboswitches bind directly to a metabolite and can form unique stem-loop or hairpin structures in response to the amount of the metabolite present. They have two distinct regions – a metabolite-binding aptamer and an expression platform.
The aptamer has high specificity for a particular metabolite which allows riboswitches to specifically regulate...
Global Regulatory Systems01:28

Global Regulatory Systems

Global regulatory systems in bacteria enable rapid and coordinated responses to environmental changes by integrating sensory inputs with gene expression, ensuring efficient adaptation to fluctuating conditions. Key global regulatory mechanisms include regulons, two-component systems, sigma factors, and secondary messengers.Regulons and Global RegulatorsA regulon is a collection of genes and operons controlled by a common global regulator. These regulators enable bacteria to prioritize resource...
RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
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Translational Regulation01:29

Translational Regulation

Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...
Directing Proteins to the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum01:34

Directing Proteins to the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

The organelle-specific signaling sequences direct proteins synthesized in the cytosol to their final destination like ER, mitochondria, peroxisomes, etc. Some of the proteins directed to ER are then trafficked via vesicles to other organelles within the cell or the extracellular environment through the Golgi complex. For example, the rough ER synthesizes soluble proteins for transportation to the lysosomes or secretion out of the cell. It can also synthesize transmembrane proteins that can...

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Rapid Development of Cell State Identification Circuits with Poly-Transfection
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Published on: February 24, 2023

Generalized Biosensing and Signaling Reprogramming Using Circular RNA-Protein Circuit-Mediated Cargo Release.

Miao Zhang1, Huayu Xu1, Zixia Zhao1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Chemo and Biosensing, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.

Analytical Chemistry
|June 18, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a new biosensing platform (CRMCR) for real-time biological signal detection and reprogramming. This system enables fast, sensitive monitoring and dynamic modulation of cellular activities in complex biological systems.

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Area of Science:

  • Synthetic Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Modular sensing and actuation systems for biological signals are underdeveloped.
  • Understanding and reprogramming complex biological processes require real-time monitoring and dynamic modulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer a generalized biosensing and signaling reprogramming platform.
  • To enable fast detection and precise rewiring of biological signals in multicellular systems.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a circular RNA-protein circuit-mediated cargo release (CRMCR) platform.
  • CRMCR utilizes target signal-activated circular RNA scaffold for split protease complementation and reporter protein release from the endoplasmic reticulum.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated CRMCR's ability to detect diverse biological signals (immunosuppressive factors, cytokines, growth factors) with high sensitivity and fast response.
  • Engineered CRMCR as a reprogramming platform for dynamic sensing and autonomous modulation of T cell activity.

Conclusions:

  • CRMCR offers a multifunctional platform for scalable detection and modulation of biological signals.
  • This platform provides a new direction for applications in various biological scenarios.