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Related Concept Videos

Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy01:15

Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy

The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
Type II Diabetes Mellitus III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis01:25

Type II Diabetes Mellitus III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis

Type 2 diabetes mellitus develops gradually and is often asymptomatic in early stages.Clinical ManifestationsWhen symptoms appear, they include fatigue, blurred vision, pruritus, delayed wound healing, and recurrent infections, particularly candidal infections. Peripheral neuropathy may present as numbness or tingling in the extremities. Classic hyperglycemia symptoms—polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia—are less common. Most patients are overweight and frequently have associated hypertension...
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
Issues And Trends In Healthcare Delivery System01:29

Issues And Trends In Healthcare Delivery System

The issues and trends in healthcare delivery are constantly changing. The COVID-19 pandemic is one recent issue that wreaked havoc on healthcare systems, causing a shortage of healthcare workers, high demand for medicines and supplies, and increased medical expenditure due to a lack of insurance. Other issues include rising healthcare costs and care fragmentation.
Cost Containment
Payment for healthcare services has historically promoted adoption of costly and often unnecessary or inefficient...
Type II Diabetes I: Introduction01:26

Type II Diabetes I: Introduction

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance, in which target tissues such as the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue respond poorly to insulin. It is also associated with inadequate compensatory insulin secretion, where pancreatic β-cells fail to produce sufficient insulin. Together, these abnormalities lead to persistent hyperglycemia.EtiologyT2DM develops through a complex interaction of genetic predisposition and environmental or...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Improving IV Insulin Administration in a Community Hospital
12:08

Improving IV Insulin Administration in a Community Hospital

Published on: June 11, 2012

Digital Twin Applications in Diabetes Management: Scoping Review.

Fatemeh Sarani Rad1, Maryam Jafarpour2, Ehsan Bitaraf3

  • 1Computer Science Department, North Dakota State University, 1320 Albrecht Blvd, Fargo, ND, 58105, United States, 1 7012319662.

JMIR Diabetes
|June 18, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Digital twins (DTs) show promise for personalized diabetes care, improving glucose management and decision support. However, DT research needs more clinical validation and standardized implementation for widespread adoption.

Keywords:
automated insulin deliveryclinical decision supportcontinuous glucose monitoringdiabetes mellitusdigital twinethicsmachine learning

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Improving IV Insulin Administration in a Community Hospital
12:08

Improving IV Insulin Administration in a Community Hospital

Published on: June 11, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Informatics
  • Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
  • Digital Health

Background:

  • Digital twin (DT) systems offer real-time, patient-specific virtual modeling for personalized healthcare interventions.
  • In diabetes care, DTs hold potential for revolutionizing glucose management, decision support, and therapy personalization using integrated patient data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a scoping review of digital twin applications in diabetes care.
  • To synthesize evidence across 7 thematic domains and 13 research questions regarding DTs in diabetes.

Main Methods:

  • Adherence to PRISMA-ScR and JBI guidelines for scoping reviews.
  • Comprehensive literature search across PubMed, IEEE Xplore, Scopus, and Web of Science up to April 2025.
  • Inclusion of empirical studies on patient-specific DTs or individualized virtual models for diabetes care, excluding reviews and theoretical papers.

Main Results:

  • 28 studies were included, primarily focusing on type 1 or type 2 diabetes using data-driven, hybrid, or simulation-based DT approaches.
  • Common applications included therapeutic control, glucose prediction, and disease management, utilizing data from wearables, CGM, and EHRs.
  • Personalization strategies involved adaptive feedback and insulin optimization; intelligent features enhanced adaptability but human oversight was limited. Validation was mainly retrospective or simulation-based, with reported improvements in HbA1c and time-in-range.

Conclusions:

  • Digital twin research in diabetes is growing, demonstrating potential for personalized, data-driven care.
  • Significant gaps exist in standardized definitions, robust clinical validation, ethical considerations, and clinical workflow integration.
  • Future research should focus on clinically grounded validation, regulatory readiness, and interoperable architectures for safe and equitable implementation.