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Related Concept Videos

Endotracheal Intubation II: Nursing Management01:17

Endotracheal Intubation II: Nursing Management

Endotracheal intubation is a critical procedure that can be lifesaving for many patients with respiratory distress or failure. The role of nursing in managing endotracheal tubes is pivotal, as it involves pre-intubation preparation, assisting during the procedure, and post-extubation care.
1. Nursing Care of Patients Before Intubation
Before the endotracheal intubation procedure, nurses play an essential role in ensuring the process goes smoothly. The nurses must be familiar with intubation...
Endotracheal Tube Extubation01:24

Endotracheal Tube Extubation

Endotracheal tube extubation is a critical procedure in weaning patients from mechanical ventilation. It involves physically removing the oral or nasal endotracheal (ET) tube, marking the final step in liberating a patient from ventilatory support.
Procedure
Extubation removes the endotracheal tube (ETT) from the patient on mechanical ventilation. It requires a well-coordinated, multidisciplinary approach involving physicians, nurses, respiratory therapists, and other healthcare professionals.
Suctioning the Nasopharyngeal Airway01:29

Suctioning the Nasopharyngeal Airway

Nasopharyngeal suctioning is a procedure to remove secretions from the upper part of the respiratory tract that the patient cannot clear independently. It helps maintain airway patency and prevents complications such as aspiration pneumonia.
Equipment Required
Endotracheal Intubation I: Procedure01:15

Endotracheal Intubation I: Procedure

Endotracheal or ET intubation is a critical medical procedure used to secure a patient's airway, often in acute respiratory distress, apnea, upper airway obstruction, ineffective clearance of secretions, high risk for aspiration, or during general anesthesia.
The ET tube comprises various components, including a standard adaptor to attach a bag-valve-mask (BVM) or ventilator, a cuff, a pilot balloon, and radiopaque markings along its length to measure the insertion distance. The tube sizes...
Suctioning the Oropharyngeal Airway01:25

Suctioning the Oropharyngeal Airway

In preparing for oropharyngeal airway suctioning, a nurse must gather all necessary equipment, including a suction unit with tubing, a prepackaged suction kit, sterile gloves, water or saline for irrigation, a water-soluble lubricant, and additional personal protective equipment (such as a gown, mask, and goggles) to control infections.
After assembling the equipment, the nurse should practice hand hygiene and don appropriate PPE according to infection control guidelines to avoid the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Non-Intubated Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery
05:39

Non-Intubated Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery

Published on: May 26, 2023

Age and Postoperative Unplanned Reintubation: A Retrospective Observational Study Using the NSQIP Pediatric Database.

Jamie Michael1, Chunyi Wu2, Ilina Rosoklija3

  • 1Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Urology, Chicago, Illinois.

The Journal of Urology
|June 18, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Children under 6 months old face higher anesthesia risks during elective surgery. Infants aged 6-11 months show significantly reduced odds of adverse events, suggesting increased vigilance for younger children.

Keywords:
NSQIP-Pelective surgeryhealth qualitypediatricperioperative risk

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Non-Intubated Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery
05:39

Non-Intubated Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery

Published on: May 26, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Anesthesiology
  • Surgical Outcomes Research
  • Health Services Research

Background:

  • Perioperative anesthesia risk assessment is crucial for pediatric surgical patients.
  • Identifying age-related risk inflection points can optimize patient safety.
  • Elective outpatient surgery allows for focused study of specific age groups.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate perioperative anesthesia risk in relation to age in children undergoing elective outpatient surgery.
  • To determine if 6 months of age represents a significant inflection point for anesthesia-related risk.
  • To inform anesthesia management strategies for pediatric surgical patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study utilizing the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program-Pediatrics database (2019-2022).
  • Inclusion of pediatric patients (<19 years) undergoing general anesthesia for elective outpatient procedures.
  • Analysis of age as both a continuous and categorical variable, with specific cutoffs including 6 months, to assess outcomes like respiratory failure and 30-day serious adverse events.

Main Results:

  • A total of 145,965 elective outpatient cases were analyzed.
  • Age demonstrated a significant non-linear association with the odds of reintubation (p<0.001).
  • Children aged ≥6 months had significantly decreased odds of respiratory failure and serious adverse events compared to those <6 months.

Conclusions:

  • Adverse event rates were low overall in this large cohort.
  • Infants aged 6-11 months had 76% lower odds of reintubation, respiratory failure, cardiac arrest, or death compared to infants <6 months.
  • Heightened perioperative vigilance is recommended for children under 6 months undergoing surgery.