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Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Paired with Total Vaporization Solid-Phase Microextraction as a Forensic Tool
Published on: May 25, 2021
Application of Flash GC and linear and non-linear chemometric techniques as a rapid screening tool to discriminate
Silvia Arduini1, Chiara Cevoli2, Enrico Valli2
1Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 40, 40127 Bologna, Italy.
Abstract:
Grappa is a traditional Italian grape marc spirit protected by geographical indication. Monovarietal Grappa, from a single grape variety, exhibits distinctive compositional and sensory characteristics linked to the selected raw materials, including denominations such as Grappa di Barolo. Rapid screening methods are essential for product authentication. This study analyzed the volatile fingerprints of 45 Grappa samples from four grape varieties (Muscat, Prosecco, Barolo, Brunello) using Flash GC. Multivariate linear (PCA and PLS-DA) and non-linear (C-SVM) techniques were applied to different data representations including full chromatographic profiles, selected chromatographic regions and peak-area data to determine which representation offered the highest discriminant power. Comparable classification results were obtained using both PLS-DA and SVM models, reporting overall accuracy ranging from 77.8 to 84.1% in cross-validation. Tentative identification of discriminating compounds was also performed. The results suggest the potential of Flash GC and chemometrics as a rapid screening tool to discriminate monovarietal Grappa.
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