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Hormonal and physical changes associated with bovine conceptus development.

R M Eley, W W Thatcher, F W Bazer

    Journal of Reproduction and Fertility
    |January 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Conceptus development involves significant estrogen production, primarily by the conceptus, not the mother. Hormonal changes in fetal fluids suggest allantoic sequestration of progestagens and other hormones.

    Area of Science:

    • Reproductive biology
    • Endocrinology
    • Developmental biology

    Background:

    • The development of the conceptus, including placental membranes, fetal fluids, and the fetus, is a complex process influenced by hormonal changes.
    • Understanding hormonal profiles during gestation is crucial for assessing reproductive health and fetal well-being.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To characterize conceptus development and associated hormonal changes from Day 27 to Day 111 of gestation.
    • To investigate the origin and dynamics of key hormones (progestagens, estrogens, prostaglandins) in maternal plasma and fetal fluids.

    Main Methods:

    • Measurement of progestagens, oestrone, oestradiol, oestrone sulphate, and prostaglandin F in maternal plasma and allantoic/amniotic fluids.
    • Characterization of protein concentrations in fetal fluids.

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  • Correlation of hormonal levels with conceptus growth and developmental stages.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant increase in placental membrane weight early in gestation, linked to conceptus-derived estrogen production.
    • Marked rise in allantoic and amniotic fluid estrogens, with oestrone as the predominant free estrogen.
    • Maternal plasma estrogen changes were detected later in gestation, with oestrone levels exceeding oestradiol.

    Conclusions:

    • Estrogen production during early gestation is primarily of conceptus origin.
    • The allantois may sequester progestagens, oestrone sulphate, and prostaglandin F, independent of maternal plasma levels.
    • Hormonal profiles in fetal fluids provide insights into conceptus endocrine activity and development.