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Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Metal-organic Frameworks
Published on: September 5, 2014
Programming stacking order in conducting van der Waals metal-organic frameworks through ligand aggregation.
Yunlong Fan1, Jinkun Guo1, Ze-Fan Yao2
1National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology and Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Researchers developed a solvent-directed method to control stacking in van der Waals metal-organic frameworks. This strategy allows for programmable stacking and tailored electronic properties in layered materials.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Chemistry
Background:
- Physical properties of van der Waals materials depend heavily on stacking sequences.
- Controlling composition and stacking in layered materials is difficult.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a strategy for targeted stacking in van der Waals metal-organic frameworks.
- To enable programmable stacking and tune electronic properties.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a solvent-directed approach to tune metastable states of conjugated ligands.
- Stabilized ligand states via metal-ligand coordination to control framework stacking.
- Investigated stacking inheritance from ligands to van der Waals metal-organic frameworks.
Main Results:
- Achieved controlled manipulation of stacking sequences in 2D and 3D van der Waals metal-organic framework single crystals.
- Demonstrated divergent charge transport regimes based on stacking.
- Obtained high electrical conductivity of 1,792 S cm⁻¹.
Conclusions:
- The solvent-directed strategy provides a versatile method for designing layered materials.
- Programmable stacking enables tailored electronic properties in van der Waals metal-organic frameworks.
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