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Related Concept Videos

Group Polarization01:01

Group Polarization

Group polarization is the strengthening of an original group attitude following the discussion of views within a group (Teger & Pruitt, 1967). That is, if a group initially favors a viewpoint, after discussion the group consensus is likely a stronger endorsement of the viewpoint. Conversely, if the group was initially opposed to a viewpoint, group discussion would likely lead to stronger opposition.
Potential Due to a Polarized Object01:29

Potential Due to a Polarized Object

A neutral atom consists of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by a negatively charged electron cloud. When placed in an external electric field, the external electric force pulls the electrons and nucleus apart, opposite to the intrinsic attraction between the nucleus and the electrons. The opposing forces balance each other with a slight shift between the center of masses of the nucleus and the electron cloud, resulting in a polarized atom. On the other hand, a few molecules, like water,...
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Since the early 2000s, computer-mediated communication (CMC) has grown rapidly, playing a crucial role in self-development. A key distinction between CMC and real-life interactions is the lack of a physically present partner. This absence makes non-verbal cues such as facial expressions, body language, and paralinguistic signals unavailable in CMC platforms like email, instant messaging, or social media. The lack of these cues can create ambiguity and complicate how feedback is interpreted.The...
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Dielectric Polarization in a Capacitor

The presence of a dielectric medium in a capacitor not only changes the voltage and capacitance but also affects the electric field. In general, dielectrics can be of two types: polar and nonpolar. In a polar dielectric, the positive and negative charges in the molecules are separated by a distance and hence have a permanent dipole moment. In contrast, no such charge separation exists in a nonpolar dielectric, however the nonpolar molecules get polarized in the presence of an external electric...
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People all belong to a gender, race, age, and social economic group. These groups provide a powerful source of our identity and self-esteem (Tajfel & Turner, 1979) and serve as our in-groups. An in-group is a group that we identify with or see ourselves as belonging to.
Social Proof00:52

Social Proof

Social proof is a form of persuasion based on comparison and conformity. People compare their behavior and actions to what others are doing and will change to conform to do what their peers do.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Merging Ion Concentration Polarization between Juxtaposed Ion Exchange Membranes to Block the Propagation of the Polarization Zone
08:06

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Published on: February 23, 2017

Polarization in increasingly connected societies.

Tuan Minh Pham1,2,3,4, Sidney Redner5, Lourens Waldorp1,6

  • 1Dutch Institute for Emergent Phenomena, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Physical Review. E
|June 19, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Societal polarization may worsen with increased connectivity. A new voter model (I-voter) introduces involvement as a key factor in opinion dynamics, offering a novel explanation for polarization beyond traditional interaction-based models.

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Area of Science:

  • Social dynamics
  • Computational social science
  • Network science

Background:

  • Traditional models of societal polarization focus on homophily, bounded confidence, and community interactions.
  • These models often attribute polarization to a lack of interactions, which may be insufficient in highly connected societies.
  • Existing explanations may not fully capture polarization dynamics in the context of increasing societal interconnectedness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and analyze a novel voter-type model (I-voter) that incorporates individual involvement in opinion formation.
  • To investigate how societal polarization is influenced by network connectivity.
  • To understand the mechanisms driving polarization in increasingly connected social networks.

Main Methods:

  • Developed an agent-based voter-type model (I-voter) incorporating an 'involvement' parameter.
  • Analyzed the model's steady-state behavior using analytical techniques.
  • Employed mean-field and moment-hierarchy approaches for analysis.
  • Examined model behavior across various network topologies and extensions.

Main Results:

  • The I-voter model demonstrates that increased network connectivity can exacerbate societal polarization.
  • Involvement emerges as a critical factor influencing opinion dynamics and polarization.
  • Analytical results provide insights into the steady-state conditions of the model.
  • Findings are robust across different network structures and model variations.

Conclusions:

  • Societal polarization is not solely driven by lack of interaction but can be amplified by increased connectivity when involvement is considered.
  • The I-voter model offers a new framework for understanding opinion dynamics and polarization in complex networks.
  • The study highlights the importance of individual involvement in shaping collective opinion and societal divisions.