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Related Concept Videos

Woodward–Hoffmann Selection Rules and Microscopic Reversibility01:34

Woodward–Hoffmann Selection Rules and Microscopic Reversibility

Electrocyclic reactions, cycloadditions, and sigmatropic rearrangements are concerted pericyclic reactions that proceed via a cyclic transition state. These reactions are stereospecific and regioselective. The stereochemistry of the products depends on the symmetry characteristics of the interacting orbitals and the reaction conditions. Accordingly, pericyclic reactions are classified as either symmetry-allowed or symmetry-forbidden. Woodward and Hoffmann presented the selection criteria for...
Reversible and Irreversible Processes01:14

Reversible and Irreversible Processes

The thermodynamic processes can be classified into reversible and irreversible processes. The processes that can be restored to their initial state are called reversible processes. It is only possible if the process is in quasi-static equilibrium, i.e., it takes place in infinitesimally small steps, and the system remains at equilibrium However, these are ideal processes and do not occur naturally. An ideal system undergoing a reversible process is always in thermodynamic equilibrium within...
Entropy Change in Reversible Processes01:10

Entropy Change in Reversible Processes

In the Carnot engine, which achieves the maximum efficiency between two reservoirs of fixed temperatures, the total change in entropy is zero. The observation can be generalized by considering any reversible cyclic process consisting of many Carnot cycles. Thus, it can be stated that the total entropy change of any ideal reversible cycle is zero.
The statement can be further generalized to prove that entropy is a state function. Take a cyclic process between any two points on a p-V diagram.
Intrinsically Disordered Proteins02:18

Intrinsically Disordered Proteins

Intrinsically disordered proteins are a group of proteins that do not fold into specific three-dimensional structures. Their structural flexibility allows them to complement ordered proteins to perform functions that are inaccessible to rigid structures. They are more common in eukaryotes than prokaryotes and may either be exclusively intrinsically disordered or hybrid proteins, consisting of a mix of ordered and disordered regions. The absence of a rigid structure in these proteins can be...
Intrinsically Disordered Proteins02:18

Intrinsically Disordered Proteins

Intrinsically disordered proteins are a group of proteins that do not fold into specific three-dimensional structures. Their structural flexibility allows them to complement ordered proteins to perform functions that are inaccessible to rigid structures. They are more common in eukaryotes than prokaryotes and may either be exclusively intrinsically disordered or hybrid proteins, consisting of a mix of ordered and disordered regions. The absence of a rigid structure in these proteins can be...
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Cyclic Processes And Isolated Systems

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Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Optimization of Synthetic Proteins: Identification of Interpositional Dependencies Indicating Structurally and/or Functionally Linked Residues
07:08

Optimization of Synthetic Proteins: Identification of Interpositional Dependencies Indicating Structurally and/or Functionally Linked Residues

Published on: July 14, 2015

Nonconserving locally disordered exclusion process under constrained resources.

Nisha Sharma1, Bipasha Pal2, Ankita Gupta3

  • 1Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Department of Mathematics, Rupnagar 140001, Punjab, India.

Physical Review. E
|June 19, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We studied a disordered particle transport model with binding defects and limited resources. Increasing defect obstruction simplifies the system

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Optimization of Synthetic Proteins: Identification of Interpositional Dependencies Indicating Structurally and/or Functionally Linked Residues
07:08

Optimization of Synthetic Proteins: Identification of Interpositional Dependencies Indicating Structurally and/or Functionally Linked Residues

Published on: July 14, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Statistical Mechanics
  • Non-equilibrium Systems
  • Complex Systems

Background:

  • Transport processes are fundamental in natural and man-made systems.
  • Disordered systems with dynamic defects present complex behaviors.
  • Understanding particle dynamics under resource constraints is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze a disordered totally asymmetric simple exclusion process with Langmuir kinetics.
  • To investigate the impact of a dynamic defect and finite resources on system behavior.
  • To map the phase diagram and understand phase transitions.

Main Methods:

  • Mean-field approach to analyze steady-state behavior.
  • Computation of density profiles and phase diagrams in the α-β parameter space.
  • Monte Carlo simulations using the Gillespie algorithm for verification.

Main Results:

  • A rich quantitative and qualitative phase structure was revealed.
  • Finite resources and Langmuir kinetics significantly impact stationary properties.
  • Increasing obstruction factor simplifies the phase diagram, suppressing certain phases.

Conclusions:

  • The model exhibits complex phase behavior influenced by defect dynamics and resource availability.
  • The obstruction factor effectively captures the combined effects of defect density and slowdown.
  • Mean-field predictions are validated by simulations, offering insights into disordered transport.