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Related Concept Videos

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
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Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...

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Related Experiment Videos

Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma With Improved Visual Outcomes Following Audio-Luminous Biofeedback Training: A Case

Ghaliah Nsour1, Anah Julia Andreoli1, Samuel Markowitz1

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, The University of Toronto/Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

The American Journal of Case Reports
|June 19, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Audio-luminous biofeedback training (BT) improved vision in an 82-year-old man with advanced glaucoma. This non-invasive vision rehabilitation method enhanced visual acuity and reading speed, offering functional benefits.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neuroscience
  • Rehabilitation Medicine

Background:

  • Audio-luminous biofeedback training (BT) is a non-invasive vision rehabilitation technique.
  • It combines visual stimuli with auditory feedback using micro-perimeter devices.
  • Previous studies have shown BT's efficacy in patients with nystagmus, macular disease, and brain injury.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report the case of an 82-year-old man with bilateral primary open-angle glaucoma.
  • To describe the visual outcomes following audio-luminous biofeedback training.

Main Methods:

  • The patient underwent four 20-minute sessions of BT targeting a trained retinal locus.
  • Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), contrast sensitivity, reading speed, fixation stability, and stereopsis were assessed before and after training.
  • Macular MAIA microperimetry was used to evaluate visual field sensitivity.

Main Results:

  • Post-training BCVA improved from 20/25 to 20/20 in the right eye and 20/100 to 20/60 in the left eye.
  • Significant gains were observed in contrast sensitivity, reading speed, fixation stability, and stereopsis.
  • The patient reported symptomatic improvement and discontinued the use of an occlusive patch.

Conclusions:

  • Audio-luminous BT can be a valuable adjunct therapy for advanced glaucoma.
  • The training offers functional benefits without adverse effects, particularly in therapy-resistant cases.
  • Further research is needed to explore long-term outcomes and neurophysiological mechanisms.