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Related Concept Videos

Stereoisomerism02:52

Stereoisomerism

Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula.
Transition metal complexes often exist as geometric isomers, in which the same atoms are connected through the same types of bonds but with differences in their orientation in space. Coordination complexes with two different ligands in the cis and trans positions from a ligand of interest form isomers. For example, the octahedral [Co(NH3)4Cl2]+ ion has two isomers (Figure 1) In the cis...
π Electron Effects on Chemical Shift: Overview01:27

π Electron Effects on Chemical Shift: Overview

An applied magnetic field causes loosely bound π-electrons in organic molecules to circulate, producing a local or induced diamagnetic field over a large spatial volume. As the molecules tumble in solution, the field generated by π-electrons in spherical substituents results in a zero net field. However, the net field generated by π-electrons in non-spherical substituents is not zero. The effect of this induced field depends on the orientation of the molecule with respect to B0, resulting in...
Colors and Magnetism03:02

Colors and Magnetism

Color in Coordination Complexes
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human eye.
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
¹H NMR Chemical Shift Equivalence: Enantiotopic and Diastereotopic Protons00:58

¹H NMR Chemical Shift Equivalence: Enantiotopic and Diastereotopic Protons

Replacing each alpha-hydrogen in chloroethane by bromine (or a different functional group) yields a pair of enantiomers. Such protons are called prochiral or enantiotopic and are related by a mirror plane. Enantiotopic protons are chemically equivalent in an achiral environment. Because most proton NMR spectra are recorded using achiral solvents, enantiotopic hydrogens yield a single signal.
In chiral compounds such as 2-butanol, replacing the methylene hydrogens at C3 produces a pair of...

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Spectral and Angle-Resolved Magneto-Optical Characterization of Photonic Nanostructures
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Enhancing Magneto-Optical Activity via Coordination Distortion in Chiral Er4M8 Clusters.

Jia-Nan Chen1, Jiaye Chen2, Ming-Qiang Qi1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|June 19, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Chiral lanthanide clusters show strong magneto-optical (MO) responses. Local structural asymmetry in Er4Zn8 clusters enhances MO signals, offering a design strategy for advanced optical materials.

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10:52

Line Shape Analysis of Dynamic NMR Spectra for Characterizing Coordination Sphere Rearrangements at a Chiral Rhenium Polyhydride Complex

Published on: July 27, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Inorganic Chemistry
  • Optics

Background:

  • Chiral lanthanide molecular materials are key for magneto-optical (MO) applications.
  • Achieving strong MO responses is difficult due to parity-forbidden f-f transitions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop chiral lanthanide clusters with enhanced MO responses.
  • To investigate the relationship between structural properties and MO behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of three pairs of chiral Er4M8 clusters (M = Co, Cu, Zn).
  • Characterization of circular dichroism (CD) and magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) signals.
  • Structural analysis to correlate coordination environment with MO properties.

Main Results:

  • All synthesized clusters exhibit pronounced CD and MCD signals across UV-vis-NIR.
  • Er4Zn8 clusters show significantly stronger MCD signals compared to Co and Cu analogues.
  • Er4Zn8 achieved a record MCD value of 0.044 T-1 for a specific f-f transition.

Conclusions:

  • Local coordination asymmetry at Er3+ sites enhances MO responses by promoting crystal-field mixing.
  • Site-specific structural distortion is a viable strategy for amplifying f-f transition-driven MO effects.
  • These findings pave the way for designing novel MO materials for sensing and optics.