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Mapping Microvascular Flow via Radon Transform Ultrasound: Technical Advances and Pilot Application.

Jingyi Yin1, Lijie Huang1, Jingke Zhang1

  • 1Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.

BME Frontiers
|June 19, 2026
PubMed
Summary

A new ultrasound technique, Radon transform-based flow measurement (R-Flow), noninvasively maps microvascular flow vectors without contrast agents. This method quantifies liver cirrhosis patterns by analyzing blood flow dynamics, offering insights into disease progression.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Medical Imaging
  • Ultrasound Technology

Background:

  • Microvascular dysfunction is a key indicator in many diseases.
  • Noninvasive methods for visualizing and quantifying abnormal microcirculation are limited.
  • Accurate assessment of microcirculatory patterns is crucial for disease diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a contrast-free ultrasound method (R-Flow) for in vivo microvascular flow vector mapping.
  • To establish R-Flow-derived metrics for noninvasive quantification of microcirculatory patterns, particularly in liver cirrhosis.
  • To assess the translational feasibility and diagnostic potential of R-Flow in human liver applications.

Main Methods:

  • R-Flow utilizes the Radon transform to analyze red blood cell dynamics from ultrasound flow signals.
  • Reconstruction of microvascular-scale velocity vectors from spatiotemporal ultrasound data.
  • Derivation of direction-aware indices to characterize flow distribution and heterogeneity.

Main Results:

  • R-Flow demonstrated robust velocity estimation (1-60 mm/s) validated in simulations, phantoms, and in vivo studies.
  • High-sensitivity microvascular flow vector mapping of the human liver showed strong agreement with reference methods (r > 0.9).
  • In a rat model of liver cirrhosis, R-Flow indices revealed a shift from healthy multipath perfusion to a directionally biased pattern, correlating with pathological indicators.

Conclusions:

  • R-Flow provides noninvasive, contrast-free mapping of microvascular blood flow velocity.
  • The technique offers a promising approach for high-resolution assessment of microvascular flow characteristics.
  • R-Flow's direction-aware indices offer unique insights into hepatic flow dynamics and disease remodeling.