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The Terroir Concept Interpreted through Grape Berry Metabolomics and Transcriptomics
Published on: October 5, 2016
Developing bioactive-rich hybrid beverages: A metabolomic study of grape must co-fermentation with orange and apple
S Parra-Cadenas1, M C Díaz-Maroto1, M S Pérez-Coello1
1Food Technology, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, Regional Institute for Applied Scientific Research (IRICA), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Camilo José Cela, 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain.
Abstract:
The bioactive profile of hybrid beverages produced by co-fermentation of white grape must with orange and/or apple juices was investigated, focusing on organic acids, polyphenols, amino acids and biogenic amines. Two strategies were tested, sequential inoculation with Torulaspora delbrueckii and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and single inoculation with S. cerevisiae. Hybrid beverages showed higher levels of organic acids, mainly citric, ascorbic, and isocitric (orange) and malic and fumaric (apple), enhancing freshness, stability, and health-related properties. Acetic acid remained below spoilage thresholds (<0.36 g/L) regardless of yeast strategy. Amino acids were lower than in control wines, suggesting improved microbial stability. Histamine and putrescine stayed within safe limits, with variations by fruit and yeast. Orange-based hybrids contained more total polyphenols (between 335.43 and 420.61 mg GAE/L), flavonols, and antioxidant activity, while apple-based hybrids were enriched in flavan-3-ols and chlorogenic acid. Overall, fruit co-fermentation generated stable, bioactive-rich and lower-alcohol beverages with functional potential.
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