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Multimodal Protocol for Assessing Metacognition and Self-Regulation in Adults with Learning Difficulties
Published on: September 27, 2020
Coupled Changes in Daily Control Beliefs and Cognition: Variations by Education and Income.
Jeremy M Hamm1, Margie E Lachman2, Laura M Klepacz1
1Department of Psychology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA.
International Journal of Behavioral Development
|June 19, 2026
Summary
Daily increases in perceived control may boost episodic memory, especially for individuals with lower income. This research highlights the link between daily control and cognitive function in at-risk populations.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Neuroscience
- Gerontology
Background:
- Long-term perceived control is linked to cognitive function.
- Little is known about daily fluctuations in control and their impact on cognition.
- Socioeconomic differences in this relationship are understudied.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the link between daily changes in perceived control and episodic memory.
- To determine if socioeconomic status (income, education) moderates this association.
- To explore micro-longitudinal effects on cognition in middle-aged and older adults.
Main Methods:
- Analyzed 14-day measurement-burst data from 208 adults (aged 30-81).
- Utilized multilevel models to examine within-person associations.
- Assessed daily perceived control and episodic memory performance.
Main Results:
- Daily increases in perceived control showed a trend towards positive association with episodic memory.
- This association was significant for individuals with lower income.
- No significant moderation by education level was found.
Conclusions:
- Micro-longitudinal increases in perceived control are associated with dynamic changes in daily cognition.
- The link between daily control and episodic memory is more pronounced for lower-income individuals.
- Findings contribute to lifespan development theories, particularly for socioeconomic groups vulnerable to cognitive decline.
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