Optimizing Skull Base Anatomy Education: Qualitative Insights From Learner Interaction With 2D, Monoscopic 3D, and...

Area of Science:

• Medical Education
• Anatomical Sciences
• Surgical Training

Background:

• Traditional anatomical learning models include cadaveric, 2D, 3D, and VR.
• Existing research often focuses on factual recall rather than deeper learning aspects.
• Effective learning tools for complex anatomy are crucial for otolaryngology residents.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate resident and faculty interaction with 2D, 3D, and VR anatomy learning models.
• To identify how different dimensional models impact learning complex head and neck anatomy.
• To inform the design of improved anatomical learning modalities for otolaryngology training.

Main Methods:

• Semi-structured interviews were conducted with otolaryngology and neurosurgery faculty and residents.
• Participants interacted with 2D, 3D, and VR models of the infratemporal fossa (ITF) anatomy.
• Thematic content analysis was used to analyze interview transcripts.

Main Results:

• Two-dimensional (2D) models are preferred for initial learning of head and neck anatomy.
• Three-dimensional (3D) and virtual reality (VR) models are favored for self-directed discovery and in-depth review.
• Participants prioritized models that enhance operating room preparedness, noting current models lack optimal clarity-comprehensiveness balance.

Conclusions:

• Findings provide insights into designing anatomical models tailored to resident training levels.
• The study highlights the need for models that support both initial learning and advanced understanding.
• Optimizing anatomical models can enhance surgical resident education and preparedness.