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Related Concept Videos

Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction01:25

Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) arises when the kidneys progressively lose their ability to function, ultimately leading to end-stage renal disease. At this advanced stage, the kidneys can no longer filter waste or maintain essential body functions, requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) through dialysis or a kidney transplant for survival.Early-stage chronic kidney disease and detection challengesIn CKD's early stages, symptoms often remain absent because healthy nephrons compensate for...
Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations01:24

Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) progressively impairs multiple body systems due to the accumulation of uremic toxins, which disrupt cellular functions across various organs.Neurologic symptomsNeurologic symptoms often arise early in CKD, as uremic toxin buildup drives changes in cognitive and motor functions. Patients frequently experience fatigue, headache, confusion, difficulty concentrating, and, in severe cases, seizures. Peripheral neuropathy commonly manifests as burning sensations in the...
Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care01:28

Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires collaborative and comprehensive management. CKD progresses through stages and can lead to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) if untreated. Interprofessional collaboration and patient education are crucial, enabling patients to manage their health and improve their quality of life.Diagnostic approach for chronic kidney diseaseThe diagnosis of CKD primarily focuses on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which assesses kidney function by measuring how well...
Factors Affecting Renal Clearance: Renal Impairment01:17

Factors Affecting Renal Clearance: Renal Impairment

Renal dysfunction significantly impairs the renal clearance of drugs, leading to potential complications in drug therapy. Renal failure, which can be caused by various factors, poses a significant challenge in the elimination of drugs from the body.
One condition associated with renal failure is uremia. Uremia is characterized by impaired glomerular filtration and fluid accumulation in the body. This condition hinders the renal clearance of drugs, resulting in drug accumulation and potential...
Urine Studies I: Urinalysis01:29

Urine Studies I: Urinalysis

Urinalysis is a widely used diagnostic test that analyzes urine's physical, chemical, and microscopic characteristics. Healthcare providers use it to detect and monitor various health conditions, including renal disease, urinary tract infections (UTIs), diabetes, and metabolic or systemic disorders.Components of UrinalysisUrinalysis consists of three primary components: physical, chemical, and microscopic examination. Each provides unique insights into the urine sample and, by extension, the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

5/6 Nephrectomy Using Sharp Bipolectomy Via Midline Laparotomy in Rats
05:34

5/6 Nephrectomy Using Sharp Bipolectomy Via Midline Laparotomy in Rats

Published on: April 4, 2025

Urinary Microcholesterol and Adverse Kidney Outcomes in CKD.

Hirotaka Furuta1, Ryosuke Umeda1, Masato Hoshi2

  • 1Department of Nephrology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98, Kutsukakecho Dengakugakubo, Toyoake city, Aichi, Japan.

Kidney International Reports
|June 19, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Urinary microcholesterol (U-mCHO) predicts adverse kidney outcomes in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Higher U-mCHO levels are linked to increased risk of major adverse kidney events (MAKE), suggesting its potential as a biomarker for kidney lipid injury.

Keywords:
chronic kidney diseaselipidsproteinuria

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 20, 2026

5/6 Nephrectomy Using Sharp Bipolectomy Via Midline Laparotomy in Rats
05:34

5/6 Nephrectomy Using Sharp Bipolectomy Via Midline Laparotomy in Rats

Published on: April 4, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Biomarkers
  • Lipid Metabolism

Background:

  • Urinary microcholesterol (U-mCHO) may indicate kidney injury via impaired lipid handling.
  • Its prognostic significance in chronic kidney disease (CKD) is not well-established.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between U-mCHO and adverse kidney outcomes in patients with CKD.
  • To evaluate U-mCHO as a potential noninvasive biomarker for kidney lipid injury.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort study included 1562 CKD patients with baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥ 15 ml/min/1.73 m².
  • U-mCHO levels were measured, and patients were followed for major adverse kidney events (MAKE50: ≥50% eGFR decline, kidney replacement therapy, or kidney death).
  • Multivariable Cox models and subgroup analyses for patients with low proteinuria (MAKE30: ≥30% eGFR decline) were performed.

Main Results:

  • Higher U-mCHO levels were significantly associated with an increased risk of MAKE50 (adjusted HR: 7.30).
  • This association remained consistent across subgroups, including those with low proteinuria (MAKE30 HR: 3.06).
  • No significant interaction was found between U-mCHO and proteinuria levels (P = 0.89).

Conclusions:

  • U-mCHO is independently associated with major adverse kidney events in CKD patients.
  • U-mCHO shows potential as a noninvasive biomarker for kidney lipid injury, even in patients with low proteinuria.