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Related Concept Videos

Modeling in Therapy01:26

Modeling in Therapy

Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Use of a Video Scoring Anchor for Rapid Serial Assessment of Social Communication in Toddlers
09:16

Use of a Video Scoring Anchor for Rapid Serial Assessment of Social Communication in Toddlers

Published on: March 14, 2018

Using Real-World Evidence to Estimate the Predictive Value of Screening Questionnaires: Autism Screening as a Case

R Christopher Sheldrick1, J L Hooker2, M Davignon3

  • 1Department of Psychiatry (RC Sheldrick), UMass Chan School of Medicine, Worcester, Mass.

Academic Pediatrics
|June 19, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study assessed autism screening tools using real-world data, finding the Parents' Observations of Social Interactions (POSI) shows good accuracy for identifying autism in young children.

Keywords:
autismpediatricspredictive validityprimary carepsychometricsscreeningsensitivity and specificity

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Use of a Video Scoring Anchor for Rapid Serial Assessment of Social Communication in Toddlers
09:16

Use of a Video Scoring Anchor for Rapid Serial Assessment of Social Communication in Toddlers

Published on: March 14, 2018

Implementation of a Real-Time Psychosis Risk Detection and Alerting System Based on Electronic Health Records using CogStack
07:31

Implementation of a Real-Time Psychosis Risk Detection and Alerting System Based on Electronic Health Records using CogStack

Published on: May 15, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Healthcare
  • Developmental Pediatrics
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) screening is crucial for early intervention.
  • Real-world evidence is needed to validate screening tool accuracy.
  • Electronic Medical Records (EMR) offer a valuable data source for such validation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate the accuracy of autism screening questionnaires using real-world data.
  • To determine sensitivity, specificity, and predictive probabilities for screening scores.
  • To inform clinical care by understanding the predictive value of screening results.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized EMR data from 33,490 children aged 4 years and under.
  • Assessed Parents' Observations of Social Interactions (POSI) as a primary screener.
  • Evaluated Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers-Revised (M-CHAT-R) as a secondary screener.
  • Primary outcome was autism diagnosis by age 4 years.

Main Results:

  • POSI demonstrated 69.5% sensitivity and 76.4% specificity at 18 months.
  • POSI showed 70.3% sensitivity and 80.8% specificity at 24 months.
  • Predictive probabilities varied significantly by POSI score, with higher scores indicating greater likelihood of diagnosis.

Conclusions:

  • EMR data provide valuable insights into autism screening tool performance.
  • Findings support the accuracy of the POSI for autism screening.
  • Replication in diverse health systems and over time is recommended to ensure generalizability and track trends.