Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Transcription01:10

Transcription

Overview
Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds...
Plant Breeding and Biotechnology01:59

Plant Breeding and Biotechnology

Crop cultivation has a long history in human civilization, with records showing the cultivation of cereal plants beginning at around 8000 BC. This early plant breeding was developed primarily to provide a steady supply of food.
Background and Environment Affect Phenotype02:27

Background and Environment Affect Phenotype

Although the genetic makeup of an organism plays a major role in determining the phenotype, there are also several environmental factors, such as temperature, oxygen availability, presence of mutagens, that can alter an organism’s phenotype.
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
Transgenic Plants02:50

Transgenic Plants

Recombinant DNA technology called transgenesis is often used to add a foreign gene or remove a detrimental gene from an organism. Such genetically modified organisms are called transgenic organisms.
The first-ever transgenic plant was a tobacco plant developed in 1983 that showed resistance against the tobacco mosaic virus. Since then, many transgenic plants have been developed and commercialized for improving the agricultural, ornamental, and horticultural value of a crop plant. Transgenic...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Similar flight performance but sex-specific mitochondrial responses in free-flying pigeons.

Biology letters·2026
Same author

A Multi-Omics Approach Reveals Interleukin 1 Beta Priming as a Key Driver of Immunomodulatory and Regenerative Programs in Adipose-Derived Stem Cells for Osteoarthritis Therapy.

Cells·2026
Same author

Silent Erosion: Impact of Forest Logging on Genetic Diversity in Tropical Understorey Birds.

Genome biology and evolution·2026
Same author

Pollutant Exposure Shapes Mitochondrial Bioenergetics in a Wild Seabird.

Environment & health (Washington, D.C.)·2026
Same author

Comparative genomics of microalgae: molecular mechanisms underlying efficient CO₂ assimilation.

BMC genomics·2026
Same author

Emergence from torpor rapidly elevates suppressed blood immune parameters in a bat species hibernating in a moderate climate.

The Journal of experimental biology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

A Telemetric, Gravimetric Platform for Real-Time Physiological Phenotyping of Plant–Environment Interactions
15:30

A Telemetric, Gravimetric Platform for Real-Time Physiological Phenotyping of Plant–Environment Interactions

Published on: August 5, 2020

Agricultural landscapes reshape progeny through transcriptomic and physiological changes.

David Costantini1, Beatrice Berardi2, Sebastian Cannarella3

  • 1Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Largo dell'Universitá s.n.c., 01100 Viterbo, Italy; Ornis Italica, Piazza Crati 15, 00199 Rome, Italy. Electronic address: https://twitter.com/DavidZool.

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part A, Molecular & Integrative Physiology
|June 19, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

European rollers in cropland landscapes show altered antioxidant and immune gene expression and activity. This suggests habitat changes impact bird physiology and health during early development.

Keywords:
BirdsCroplandsEarly lifeEuropean rollerHabitat homogenisationOxidative stressTranscriptomicsVertebrates

More Related Videos

Environmentally Induced Heritable Changes in Flax
08:10

Environmentally Induced Heritable Changes in Flax

Published on: January 26, 2011

In Situ Hybridization for the Precise Localization of Transcripts in Plants
12:15

In Situ Hybridization for the Precise Localization of Transcripts in Plants

Published on: November 23, 2011

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

A Telemetric, Gravimetric Platform for Real-Time Physiological Phenotyping of Plant–Environment Interactions
15:30

A Telemetric, Gravimetric Platform for Real-Time Physiological Phenotyping of Plant–Environment Interactions

Published on: August 5, 2020

Environmentally Induced Heritable Changes in Flax
08:10

Environmentally Induced Heritable Changes in Flax

Published on: January 26, 2011

In Situ Hybridization for the Precise Localization of Transcripts in Plants
12:15

In Situ Hybridization for the Precise Localization of Transcripts in Plants

Published on: November 23, 2011

Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Agricultural expansion is a primary driver of biodiversity loss.
  • Understanding molecular and physiological links between habitat change and individual health is crucial for ecological modeling.
  • The impact of habitat modification on early-life stages of organisms requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular and physiological mechanisms by which habitat modification affects young European rollers (Coracias garrulus).
  • To compare gene expression and physiological markers in young birds raised in cropland-dominated landscapes (CL) versus mixed-use landscapes (ML).

Main Methods:

  • Transcriptomic analysis to identify differentially expressed genes.
  • Blood-based assays to measure antioxidant enzyme activity (catalase, glutathione peroxidase, SOD), immunoglobulin Y levels, and indicators of oxidative stress (DNA damage).
  • Comparison of molecular and physiological parameters between young birds from CL and ML habitats.

Main Results:

  • Nine genes were significantly downregulated in young birds from CL landscapes compared to ML landscapes, particularly those involved in the catalase antioxidant system.
  • Birds from CL landscapes exhibited lower blood catalase activity and immunoglobulin Y levels, but higher glutathione peroxidase activity, compared to ML birds.
  • No significant differences were found in SOD activity, DNA damage, haptoglobin, BKA, haemagglutination, or haemolysis between the two habitat types.

Conclusions:

  • Habitat conditions, specifically the contrast between cropland-dominated and mixed-use landscapes, induce subtle but significant molecular and physiological differences in young European rollers.
  • These differences are primarily associated with immune and oxidative stress physiology, highlighting potential impacts on individual health and fitness.
  • The study provides novel mechanistic insights into how early-life exposure to different agricultural landscapes can influence organismal state.