Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Drug Accumulation During Multiple Dosing: Repetitive IV Injections01:21

Drug Accumulation During Multiple Dosing: Repetitive IV Injections

Calculating drug dosage and accumulation in multiple-dose regimens is crucial for achieving therapeutic efficacy while avoiding toxicity. This involves determining the plasma drug concentrations over time to optimize dosing schedules. The principle of superposition is fundamental in this process, allowing for the prediction of drug concentration in plasma following multiple doses based on single-dose data.The principle of superposition asserts that the plasma concentration-time curves from...
Parenteral Drug Delivery Systems: Injectables, Implants, and Infusion Devices01:28

Parenteral Drug Delivery Systems: Injectables, Implants, and Infusion Devices

Parenteral drug delivery systems play a crucial role in modern therapeutics by enabling the direct administration of drugs into the systemic circulation, bypassing the gastrointestinal tract. These systems are particularly valuable for poorly absorbed oral medications that are unstable in the digestive environment or require rapid onset or sustained therapeutic levels. Delivery is achieved through intravenous, intramuscular, or subcutaneous routes, each selected based on the drug's properties...
Insulin Formulations: Types and Delivery01:27

Insulin Formulations: Types and Delivery

Insulin preparations are categorized by their duration of action into short-acting and long-acting types. Two strategies are used to modify insulin's absorption and pharmacokinetic profile: slowing the absorption post-subcutaneous injection, or altering human insulin's amino acid sequence or protein structure. These changes retain the insulin's ability to bind to the insulin receptor, but alter its behavior in solution or after injection.
Short-acting insulins are divided into rapid-acting...
Drug Accumulation During Multiple Dosing: Intermittent IV Infusions01:24

Drug Accumulation During Multiple Dosing: Intermittent IV Infusions

Intermittent intravenous (IV) infusion is a method of drug administration where medications are delivered over short infusion periods followed by intervals of no drug delivery. This approach helps to prevent sustained high drug concentrations in the bloodstream, reducing the risk of adverse effects associated with prolonged exposure. Unlike continuous infusion, steady-state concentrations may not be achieved during a single dosing cycle but can be reached through repeated...
Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route01:29

Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route

The parenteral route is a critical method of drug administration. It delivers compounds directly into the systemic circulation and bypasses the gastrointestinal tract. This approach is particularly advantageous for drugs that exhibit poor absorption or instability when administered orally.
There are three primary parenteral routes: intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), and subcutaneous (SC). The IV route introduces the drug directly into the bloodstream, ensuring immediate action. The IM route...
Routes of Drug Administration: Parenteral01:25

Routes of Drug Administration: Parenteral

The administration of drugs via parenteral routes allows for direct drug introduction into the systemic circulation, resulting in high bioavailability because the medication bypasses the harsh conditions of the gastrointestinal tract and hepatic metabolism.
The intravenous route (IV) of drug administration can be further categorized into two types. The bolus injection administers the entire dose rapidly, while an intravenous infusion slowly delivers smaller doses steadily.
The IV route is often...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Impact of Storage Orientation and Duration on Prefilled Syringe Performance: Break-Loose and Glide Forces, and Injection Time Across Multiple Time Points.

PDA journal of pharmaceutical science and technology·2026
Same author

Development of a Probabilistic Model to Predict Residual Seal Force of Crimped Vial Seals.

PDA journal of pharmaceutical science and technology·2025
Same author

Prediction model for renal outcomes in Latin American Mestizo patients with pure proliferative lupus nephritis.

Lupus science & medicine·2025
Same author

Habitat suitability and connectivity for clouded leopard Neofelis nebulosa in Northeast India.

Scientific reports·2025
Same author

Development roadmap for subcutaneous delivery of high dose biologics - high concentration formulation, analytical comparability and patient preference considerations for large volume devices.

Journal of pharmaceutical sciences·2025
Same author

Lenacapavir's success: Revitalizing antiviral drug discovery.

Virulence·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Injectable Supramolecular Polymer-Nanoparticle Hydrogels for Cell and Drug Delivery Applications
09:39

Injectable Supramolecular Polymer-Nanoparticle Hydrogels for Cell and Drug Delivery Applications

Published on: February 7, 2021

Patient-Centric Drug Delivery: Establishing Injection Hold Time Limits for Large Volume Autoinjectors.

Dana Cabrita1, Daniel Miranda2, Ankur Kulshrestha2

  • 1Sterile Product Development, Bristol Myers Squibb 1 Squibb Drive New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA Dana.Cabrita@bms.com Cabrita.Dana@gmail.com.

PDA Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology
|June 19, 2026
PubMed
Summary

For most users, an acceptable injection hold time for large-volume autoinjectors (LVAI) is 2 minutes or less. Diverse user groups found longer durations challenging, indicating a need for design improvements in patient-centric drug delivery.

Keywords:
AutoinjectorHuman factorsInjection DurationLarge-Volume InjectionMedication AdherencePatient-Centric DesignSubcutaneous Drug DeliveryUsability Testing

More Related Videos

The Quantification of Injectability by Mechanical Testing
04:46

The Quantification of Injectability by Mechanical Testing

Published on: May 13, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Injectable Supramolecular Polymer-Nanoparticle Hydrogels for Cell and Drug Delivery Applications
09:39

Injectable Supramolecular Polymer-Nanoparticle Hydrogels for Cell and Drug Delivery Applications

Published on: February 7, 2021

The Quantification of Injectability by Mechanical Testing
04:46

The Quantification of Injectability by Mechanical Testing

Published on: May 13, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Drug Delivery Systems
  • Human Factors Engineering

Background:

  • Patient-centric drug delivery is advancing with large-volume autoinjectors (LVAI) for self-administration.
  • Optimal patient comfort and therapeutic outcomes require balancing injection volume and duration.
  • Limited research exists on maximum acceptable autoinjector hold times.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish an acceptable upper limit for autoinjector hold time.
  • To evaluate user capabilities with simulated large-volume autoinjector tasks.
  • To assess performance across diverse user groups.

Main Methods:

  • A mockup large-volume autoinjector (>3mL) was used with 20 participants (lay, chronic condition, upper-extremity impaired).
  • Participants completed two trials: 'hold as long as possible' and 'hold for 10 minutes'.
  • Measurements included maximum hold times, grip strength, injection force, and subjective feedback.

Main Results:

  • All participants could hold injections for at least 2 minutes and 18 seconds.
  • Lay participants managed 10-minute holds, while impaired groups had shorter, variable times.
  • Most users found 10-minute holds difficult; subjective feedback suggested 2 minutes or less is acceptable.
  • Perceived injection duration deviated significantly from actual duration (~38%).

Conclusions:

  • An acceptable hold time for most users of large-volume autoinjectors is 2 minutes or less.
  • Longer durations may require design enhancements like progress cues and ergonomic support.
  • Further research on broader populations and risk factors is needed for patient-centric systems.