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Risk Factors and Complication Rates of Inpatient Genioplasty Procedures in the U.S. Healthcare System: A 22-Year
Leonard Knoedler1,2, Robert Munzinger3, Benedikt Geldner4
1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany. leonard.knoedler@charite.de.
Aesthetic Plastic Surgery
|June 19, 2026
Summary
Genioplasty complications occur in about 10% of patients, mainly in older individuals. Prolonged hospital stay is a key risk factor for genioplasty complications across different procedures.
Area of Science:
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- Plastic Surgery
- Health Services Research
Background:
- Limited nationwide data exists on inpatient genioplasty outcomes, especially complication rates and predictors.
- This study leverages the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project National Inpatient Sample (HCUP-NIS) to analyze genioplasty outcomes.
- Characterizing inpatient complication patterns by procedure type, age, and socioeconomic factors is crucial for improving patient care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize inpatient genioplasty complication patterns using nationwide U.S. data.
- To identify predictors of complications based on patient demographics, socioeconomic status, and procedural approach.
- To evaluate disparities in outcomes and resource utilization among different patient subgroups.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of HCUP-NIS data from 2000-2022 for inpatient genioplasty admissions.
- Evaluation of demographic, socioeconomic, procedural (osseous vs. non-osseous), hospitalization, and complication variables.
- Stratified logistic regression to identify independent correlates of inpatient-coded complications, with subgroup analysis by age and income.
Main Results:
- The study included 485 inpatient genioplasty admissions; 10.3% experienced complications.
- Complications were significantly higher in older patients (14.8%) compared to younger patients (5.8%).
- Osseous genioplasty had higher complication rates (12.7%) and longer hospital stays than non-osseous procedures (6.2%).
- Prolonged length of stay was a consistent predictor of complications across both osseous and non-osseous subgroups.
Conclusions:
- Approximately 10% of inpatient genioplasty cases result in complications, predominantly affecting older, more comorbid patients.
- Prolonged length of stay is the most significant correlate of complications, while non-elective admissions increase risk in osseous genioplasty.
- Socioeconomic disparities persist, with lower-income patients experiencing longer hospitalizations despite similar complication rates.
