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Behaviour Support in Dentistry Core Outcomes (BeSiDe-CO): A Core Outcome Set Development Study.
Caoimhin Mac Giolla Phadraig1, Isabel C Olegário2, Shaelynn Hsu1
1Department of Child and Public Dental Health, School of Dental Science, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.
Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology
|June 19, 2026
Summary
A new Core Outcome Set (COS) for Dental Behaviour Support (DBS) was developed for research in adults and children. This set includes nine core outcomes for all DBS studies and three additional outcomes for pharmacological DBS research.
Area of Science:
- Dental research
- Clinical trial methodology
- Patient-centered outcomes
Background:
- Dental Behaviour Support (DBS) encompasses various techniques, including non-pharmacological methods, sedation, and general anesthesia.
- Standardized outcome measurement is crucial for comparing research findings in DBS.
Purpose of the Study:
- To establish a comprehensive Core Outcome Set (COS) for evaluating Dental Behaviour Support (DBS) techniques in both pediatric and adult populations.
- To ensure consistency and comparability across research studies investigating DBS interventions.
Main Methods:
- Systematic reviews identified candidate outcomes, followed by stakeholder engagement including Key Stakeholder Groups (KSG) and Public Patient Involvement (PPI) panels.
- A modified e-Delphi process facilitated outcome prioritization and consensus-building among patients, carers, clinicians, and researchers.
- Consensus meetings with diverse stakeholder groups finalized the Core Outcome Set (COS).
Main Results:
- The BeSiDe Core Outcome Set for Dental Behaviour Support comprises nine essential outcomes: acceptability, adverse effect, anxiety, behavioral response, cost, pain, therapeutic alliance, time, and treatment completion.
- An supplementary set of three outcomes for pharmacological DBS studies includes recovery, sedation effect, and physiological monitoring.
- A 21.6% attrition rate was observed across three Delphi rounds involving 88 initial panellists.
Conclusions:
- A universally applicable Core Outcome Set (COS) for Dental Behaviour Support (DBS) research in adults and children has been established.
- Supplementary outcomes are available for studies focusing specifically on pharmacological DBS interventions.
- The developed COS is intended for research use but holds significant potential for translation into clinical practice.
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