Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
Facial Feedback Hypothesis01:24

Facial Feedback Hypothesis

Charles Darwin proposed that facial expressions are an evolutionary adaptation for communication. He argued that these expressions are not influenced by culture but are universal across species. For example, a snarling expression with exposed teeth signals a threat in many animals, including humans. Darwin also suggested that displaying an emotion can intensify the feeling. Smiling, for example, could enhance one's sense of happiness. This idea laid the foundation for understanding the role of...
Association Areas of the Cortex01:21

Association Areas of the Cortex

Association areas are regions of the cerebral cortex that do not have a specific sensory or motor function. Instead, they integrate and interpret information from various sources to enable higher cognitive processes such as memory, learning, and decision-making. Some key association areas include the following:
Prefrontal Association Area: This area is located in the frontal lobe and is involved in planning, decision-making, and moderating social behavior. It connects with primary motor areas,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The transfer effects of executive function training on prospective memory in children with learning difficulties: a longitudinal study.

BMC psychology·2026
Same author

How Specificity in Episodic Future Thinking Affects Prospective Memory: Cognitive Mechanisms and Latent Subgroup Differences.

Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Excitation-polarization-dependent dynamics of polariton condensates in the ZnO microwire at room temperature.

Journal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal·2022
Same author

Growth regulators promote soybean productivity: a review.

PeerJ·2022
Same author

Mitochondrial Glutathione Depletion Nanoshuttles for Oxygen-Irrelevant Free Radicals Generation: A Cascaded Hierarchical Targeting and Theranostic Strategy Against Hypoxic Tumor.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2022
Same author

Erythrocytes Are an Independent Protective Factor for Vascular Cognitive Impairment in Patients With Severe White Matter Hyperintensities.

Frontiers in aging neuroscience·2022

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Conscious and Non-conscious Representations of Emotional Faces in Asperger's Syndrome
08:31

Conscious and Non-conscious Representations of Emotional Faces in Asperger's Syndrome

Published on: July 31, 2016

Valence-Arousal Asymmetry: Rethinking Facial Emotion Recognition in Preschool Autism Through Eye-Tracking.

FanShuai Bu1, RuoXi Teng1, Mingyu Zhang2,3

  • 1School of Education Science, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.

Autism Research : Official Journal of the International Society for Autism Research
|June 20, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show differences in facial emotion recognition, particularly in how they process positive versus negative emotions. This study used eye-tracking to reveal valence-arousal processing differences in preschool ASD.

Keywords:
arousalautism spectrum disorderseye‐trackingfacial emotion recognitionpreschool autismvalence

More Related Videos

Comparing Eye-tracking Data of Children with High-functioning ASD, Comorbid ADHD, and of a Control Watching Social Videos
05:32

Comparing Eye-tracking Data of Children with High-functioning ASD, Comorbid ADHD, and of a Control Watching Social Videos

Published on: December 7, 2018

Eye Tracking Young Children with Autism
09:03

Eye Tracking Young Children with Autism

Published on: March 27, 2012

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Conscious and Non-conscious Representations of Emotional Faces in Asperger's Syndrome
08:31

Conscious and Non-conscious Representations of Emotional Faces in Asperger's Syndrome

Published on: July 31, 2016

Comparing Eye-tracking Data of Children with High-functioning ASD, Comorbid ADHD, and of a Control Watching Social Videos
05:32

Comparing Eye-tracking Data of Children with High-functioning ASD, Comorbid ADHD, and of a Control Watching Social Videos

Published on: December 7, 2018

Eye Tracking Young Children with Autism
09:03

Eye Tracking Young Children with Autism

Published on: March 27, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Facial emotion recognition is crucial for social interaction.
  • Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is often associated with impaired socioemotional skills.
  • Previous research on emotion recognition in ASD lacks consistency, potentially due to using discrete emotion categories.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate facial emotion recognition in preschool children with ASD using a dimensional approach (valence-arousal framework).
  • To examine how children with and without ASD process emotions varying in valence and arousal.
  • To identify potential mechanisms underlying socioemotional deficits in early ASD.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized eye-tracking and pupilometry in 82 Chinese preschoolers (40 ASD, 42 typically developing).
  • Employed an emotion recognition task with facial stimuli systematically varied in valence (positive/negative) and arousal (high/low).
  • Analyzed eye movements and pupil size across different facial regions of interest (AOI).

Main Results:

  • Typically developing children fixated longer on positive faces, especially the eye region, a pattern attenuated in children with ASD.
  • Valence had a robust effect, with differences observed in gaze allocation.
  • Arousal effects were weaker but interacted with valence, influencing pupil responses and avoidance behaviors.

Conclusions:

  • Valence-arousal asymmetry is a significant factor in atypical emotion processing in preschool ASD.
  • Dimensional approaches, considering valence and arousal, are valuable for assessing and intervening in early socioemotional development in ASD.
  • Eye-tracking and pupilometry provide objective measures for understanding socioemotional processing in ASD.