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Influence of Concave Versus Convex Emergence Profiles on Midfacial Mucosal Stability-A Systematic Review With
Miha Pirc1,2, Priscilla Balzarini3, Jonathan Esquivel4
1Clinic of Reconstructive Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Summary
Concave emergence profiles in implant dentistry show a trend toward less midfacial mucosal recession compared to convex profiles. These findings suggest concave designs may enhance peri-implant soft tissue stability.
Area of Science:
- Dental Implantology
- Prosthodontics
- Periodontology
Background:
- Midfacial mucosal stability is crucial for esthetic outcomes in implant-supported restorations.
- Emergence profile design significantly influences peri-implant soft tissue behavior.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically evaluate the impact of concave versus convex emergence profiles on midfacial mucosal stability.
- To compare the effects of different transmucosal prosthetic designs on peri-implant tissues.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
- Electronic database searches (MEDLINE, Embase) up to May 2026.
- Quantitative synthesis of midfacial mucosal level changes (mm) with random-effects meta-analysis.
Main Results:
- Four RCTs (144 implants) were included; 128 contributed to synthesis.
- A trend towards greater mucosal recession with convex profiles (-0.31 mm) was observed.
- Excluding one study revealed a statistically significant benefit for concave profiles (-0.43 mm).
Conclusions:
- Concave emergence profiles are associated with better midfacial mucosal stability.
- Concave designs are preferable for supporting peri-implant soft tissue stability and esthetics.
