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Subtypes in developmental coordination disorder: what do we know so far? A systematic review.
Evi Verbecque1, Jessica Mireille Lust2, Bouwien Smits-Engelsman3,4
1Rehabilitation Research Centre (REVAL), Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium. evi.verbecque@uhasselt.be.
European Journal of Pediatrics
|June 20, 2026
Summary
Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a heterogeneous condition. This review found no consistent subtypes, suggesting DCD is better viewed as a spectrum rather than distinct categories.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Neurology
- Developmental Psychology
- Clinical Epidemiology
Background:
- Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is recognized as a heterogeneous condition.
- Identifying discrete subtypes of DCD is a persistent research objective to enhance clinical interventions.
- Existing proposed motor and non-motor profiles lack a definitive consensus for DCD subtyping.
Conclusions:
- DCD is better conceptualized as a spectrum of pervasiveness rather than discrete subtypes.
- Inconsistencies in current findings are attributed to methodological limitations and diverse measurement domains.
- Future research should focus on subtyping primary motor symptoms to identify potential DCD phenotypes.
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