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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Methods for Intravenous Self Administration in a Mouse Model

Methods for Intravenous Self Administration in a Mouse Model

Published on: December 8, 2012

Contingency management for adherence to injectable medication for substance use disorders.

Jay A Gorman¹, Victoria E Ameral², Brent E Abrams³

¹VISN 1 Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA Bedford Healthcare System, Bedford, MA; Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.

Journal of Substance Use and Addiction Treatment

|June 21, 2026

Summary

Contingency Management (CM) significantly improved adherence to injectable medications for substance use disorders. Veterans receiving CM had substantially higher medication doses compared to those without CM.

Keywords:

Buprenorphine (Sublocade)Contingency management Extended-release injection Long-acting injectable Medication adherence Naltrexone (Vivitrol)Substance use disorders

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Last Updated: Jun 23, 2026

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Published on: January 5, 2018

Area of Science:

Addiction Medicine
Behavioral Health
Pharmacotherapy Adherence

Background:

Contingency Management (CM) is an effective behavioral intervention for improving health behaviors.
Adherence to injectable medications for opioid and alcohol use disorders is a significant challenge.
CM offers a potential solution to enhance treatment adherence for these conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare medication adherence in veterans receiving injectable treatments with and without Contingency Management.
To evaluate the impact of CM on adherence rates for XR-naltrexone and XR-buprenorphine.

Main Methods:

Retrospective cohort study comparing two groups of veterans (n=42 each).
One group received injectable medication with CM for adherence.
The other group received injectable medication prior to CM implementation.

Main Results:

The CM cohort received 1.62 times more medication doses than the comparison group.
Adjusted analyses showed significantly higher mean doses in the CM cohort (8.59) versus the comparison cohort (5.36; p < .001).
CM facilitated access to XR-buprenorphine, which was unavailable in the earlier period.

Conclusions:

Contingency Management is a vital strategy for improving adherence to medications for substance use disorders.
CM implementation was linked to significantly higher medication adherence rates.
Adapted CM approaches may reduce administrative burdens while maintaining effectiveness.