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Rhodococcus folensis sp. nov., an orange-red-pigmented bacterium from mining soil.

Aleyna Nalcaoglu Senocak1,2, Omer Faruk Ozturk1,2, Miray Kilic1,2

  • 1Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, Türkiye.

Scientific Reports
|June 21, 2026
PubMed
Summary

A novel red-pigmented bacterium, Rhodococcus folensis sp. nov., was discovered in mining soil. This pigment shows antioxidant and potential therapeutic properties.

Keywords:
RhodococcusHIV-RT inhibitionPolyphasic taxonomyantioxidant activitycarotenoidgenome-based species delineation

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Environmental Science
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Mining-impacted environments are chemically complex and can host diverse microorganisms.
  • Pigment-producing bacteria are of interest for their potential applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To isolate and characterize a novel pigment-producing bacterium from abandoned mining soil.
  • To determine the taxonomic classification and potential bioactivities of the isolated strain.

Main Methods:

  • Polyphasic taxonomic characterization including 16S rRNA gene sequencing, phenotypic analysis, and chemotaxonomic analysis.
  • Genomic analysis to identify pigment-related genes.
  • In vitro assays to evaluate antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities of the extracted pigment.

Main Results:

  • A novel Gram-positive, aerobic bacterium, designated FMA22T, was isolated and identified as a new species within the genus Rhodococcus, named Rhodococcus folensis sp. nov.
  • The strain produces an orange-red pigment with significant antioxidant activity and weak HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibition.
  • Genomic analysis revealed a terpene-associated carotenoid cluster responsible for pigment production.

Conclusions:

  • Rhodococcus folensis sp. nov. is a newly proposed species isolated from a mining-impacted environment.
  • The pigment produced by this bacterium possesses notable antioxidant properties and warrants further investigation for therapeutic potential.