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Pulmonary function trajectories in children with symptom-controlled asthma -a 10-year retrospective cohort study in

Xiaoling Wei1,2,3, Min Xue1,2,3, Bingbing Fan4,5

  • 1Department of Respiratory Disease, Children's Hospital affiliated to Shandong University (Jinan Children's Hospital), Jinan, Shandong, 250022, China.

BMC Pulmonary Medicine
|June 21, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Children with controlled asthma can experience declining lung function. Factors like Body Mass Index (BMI), lymphocyte count, and Fractional exhaled Nitric Oxide (FeNO) influence these changes.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Asthma Research

Background:

  • Long-term lung function decline is uncommon in children with controlled asthma.
  • Understanding pulmonary function trajectories is crucial for managing pediatric asthma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess pulmonary function trajectories in children with symptom-controlled asthma.
  • To identify factors influencing these lung function changes.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of lung function patterns in 1931 children.
  • Evaluation of factors including gender, age, Body Mass Index (BMI), Immunoglobulin E (IgE), eosinophil count, and Fractional exhaled Nitric Oxide (FeNO).
  • Logistic regression to determine associations with lung function changes.

Main Results:

  • Three FEV1 trajectory clusters identified: upward-then-downward, downward-near-average, and continuous downward.
  • Most children (84.57%) showed a saddle-shaped FEV1/FVC% trajectory; 15.43% had a continuous upward trend.
  • Body Mass Index (BMI), lymphocyte count, FeNO, delayed diagnosis interval, and onset age were associated with lung function changes.

Conclusions:

  • Some children with controlled asthma exhibit progressive lung function decline.
  • Lung function decrease is linked to BMI, lymphocyte count, FeNO, delayed diagnosis, and age at onset.
Abstract

Keywords:
AsthmaChildrenPulmonary functionTrajectory

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