Dermatomycosis Caused by Non-Dermatophyte Agents; Diagnosis Based on Molecular Identification

Dermatomycoses are a superficial fungal infections affecting of the skin, hair and nails. While dermatophytes are recognized as the primary causative agents of fungal skin infections, the significance of yeasts and molds in this context warrants greater attention. The present study analyzed samples from patients suspected of non-dermatophyte superficial infections who were referred to dermatology clinics in Babol. The collected samples underwent direct microscopic examination and culture. Identification of the isolates was performed using standard mycological laboratory techniques, including morphological assessments and slide culture. Molecular identification was achieved through DNA extraction and subsequent sequence analysis of the ITS1-5.8S rDNA-ITS4 region. Demographic analysis of 25 patients indicated a predominance of females (72%). The average age of the patients was 52.2 years. Clinical manifestations exhibited considerable variability, with the most prevalent symptoms including pruritus, erythema and scaling. The most frequently affected sites included the feet, nails and groin. Although Candida albicans was the predominant isolate identified, a diverse array of other fungal species was also recognized. The variability seen in patients' demographics, clinical signs and fungal causes highlights the complexity of these infections. Correctly identifying fungal species is essential for proper patient treatment.