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Human Liver Microphysiological System for Assessing Drug-Induced Liver Toxicity In Vitro
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Mitochondria-Targeted Albumin Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probe for Drug-Induced Liver Injury.

Jingqian Han1, Aixia Meng1, Jixiang Zhang1

  • 1School of Pharmacy,School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Stomatology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China.

Analytical Chemistry
|June 22, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a new near-infrared fluorescent probe (TH) for detecting human serum albumin (HSA). This probe enables real-time monitoring of HSA in liver disease models, offering improved diagnostic potential.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Medical Imaging
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Human serum albumin (HSA) is crucial for osmotic pressure and transport, and abnormal levels indicate liver diseases like DILI.
  • Existing fluorescent probes for HSA have limitations in tissue penetration, selectivity, and real-time monitoring.
  • HSA is a vital biomarker for diagnosing and assessing liver disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel near-infrared fluorescent probe for sensitive and selective HSA detection.
  • To enable real-time subcellular localization and in vivo monitoring of HSA dynamics.
  • To evaluate the probe's utility in a drug-induced liver injury (DILI) mouse model.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a rhodamine derivative-based near-infrared fluorescent probe (TH) utilizing the TICT mechanism.
  • Characterization of probe's fluorescence properties and selectivity for HSA in biological environments.
  • In vitro subcellular imaging in live cells and in vivo monitoring in a DILI mouse model.

Main Results:

  • The TH probe exhibits prominent near-infrared fluorescence at 720 nm upon binding to HSA, with a low detection limit of 2.3 μg/mL.
  • TH demonstrates high selectivity for HSA and enables real-time mitochondrial localization in live cells.
  • Noninvasive in vivo monitoring of hepatic HSA dynamics was achieved in a DILI mouse model.

Conclusions:

  • The novel TH probe offers sensitive, selective, and real-time detection of HSA with near-infrared emission.
  • TH facilitates subcellular imaging and in vivo monitoring of HSA, showing promise for liver disease diagnosis and assessment.
  • This probe represents a significant advancement for analyzing HSA in the context of liver diseases like DILI.