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Related Concept Videos

P-N junction01:11

P-N junction

A p-n junction is formed when p-type and n-type semiconductor materials are joined together. At the interface of the p-n junction, holes from the p-side and electrons from the n-side begin to diffuse into the opposite sides due to the concentration gradient. This diffusion of carriers leads to a region around the junction where there are no free charge carriers, known as the depletion region. The charge density within the depletion region for the n-side and p-side can be described by the...
Biasing of P-N Junction01:16

Biasing of P-N Junction

The operation of a p-n junction diode involves various biasing conditions, including forward bias, reverse bias, and equilibrium.
In equilibrium, no external voltage is applied across the p-n junction. The depletion region is formed at the junction interface due to the diffusion of carriers, which leaves behind charged dopants, acceptors on the p-side, and donors on the n-side. These immobile charges create an electric field that prevents further diffusion of carriers. The related energy band...

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SnSe Alloying Enables High Thermoelectric Efficiency in Out-of-Plane PbSnS<sub>2</sub> Crystals.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Fabrication of Bi2Te3 and Sb2Te3 Thermoelectric Thin Films using Radio Frequency Magnetron Sputtering Technique
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Fabrication of Bi2Te3 and Sb2Te3 Thermoelectric Thin Films using Radio Frequency Magnetron Sputtering Technique

Published on: May 17, 2024

Effective Vacancy Regulation Simultaneously Realizes High-Performance Thermoelectric Cooling and Power Generation in

Yang Jin1,2, Yi Wen1, Yu Tian1

  • 1School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|June 22, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Cost-effective lead selenide (PbSe) crystals were developed for thermoelectric applications. Doping with indium (In) and antimony (Sb) enhanced thermoelectric performance, enabling efficient power generation and cooling.

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Asymmetric Thermoelectrochemical Cell for Harvesting Low-grade Heat under Isothermal Operation
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Asymmetric Thermoelectrochemical Cell for Harvesting Low-grade Heat under Isothermal Operation

Published on: February 5, 2020

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Last Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Fabrication of Bi2Te3 and Sb2Te3 Thermoelectric Thin Films using Radio Frequency Magnetron Sputtering Technique
04:22

Fabrication of Bi2Te3 and Sb2Te3 Thermoelectric Thin Films using Radio Frequency Magnetron Sputtering Technique

Published on: May 17, 2024

Asymmetric Thermoelectrochemical Cell for Harvesting Low-grade Heat under Isothermal Operation
09:09

Asymmetric Thermoelectrochemical Cell for Harvesting Low-grade Heat under Isothermal Operation

Published on: February 5, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Solid State Physics
  • Energy Conversion

Background:

  • Thermoelectric technology offers reversible heat-to-electricity conversion but faces challenges with high costs and tellurium (Te) scarcity.
  • Developing alternative, cost-effective materials is crucial for broader thermoelectric applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential of n-type lead selenide (PbSe) crystals for thermoelectric power generation and refrigeration.
  • To enhance the thermoelectric properties of PbSe through controlled doping and material processing.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesized n-type PbSe crystals using physical vapor deposition.
  • Incorporated trace amounts of indium (In) and antimony (Sb) to modify the crystal lattice and electronic properties.
  • Fabricated thermoelectric cooling modules and segmented thermoelectric devices for performance evaluation.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a power factor (PF) of 40 μW cm-1 K-2 at 303 K due to increased carrier density and mobility.
  • Reduced lattice thermal conductivity through lattice mismatch and bandgap enlargement.
  • Obtained distinguished figure of merit (ZT) values of 0.6 at 303 K and 1.6 at 773 K (ZTave = 1.14).
  • Demonstrated a cooling temperature difference of 55 K with a 17-pair thermoelectric cooling module.
  • Achieved a 10% conversion efficiency with a ΔT of 470 K in a segmented single-leg device.

Conclusions:

  • Cost-effective In- and Sb-doped PbSe crystals show significant promise for thermoelectric power generation and refrigeration.
  • The enhanced thermoelectric performance and demonstrated device applications highlight the potential of PbSe-based materials.