Early-Onset Neonatal Pityriasis Versicolor Associated With Maternal Infection: A Case Report From Uganda

We report a case of early-onset neonatal pityriasis versicolor (PV) in a term newborn associated with maternal infection. The mother had characteristic hypo- and hyperpigmented, finely scaly lesions over the neck and upper trunk prior to delivery. Within the first weeks of life, the neonate developed multiple hypopigmented, finely scaly macules involving the trunk and proximal thighs. The infant was otherwise clinically well, with no history of prematurity, neonatal intensive care unit admission, antibiotic exposure, or underlying medical illness. The clinical features were consistent with PV, and the diagnosis was confirmed by potassium hydroxide (KOH) microscopy demonstrating Malassezia species in both the mother and infant. Treatment with topical antifungal therapy resulted in clinical improvement. This case highlights that PV, although rare in neonates, can present early in life, particularly in the context of close maternal contact. Increased awareness of this entity may facilitate prompt diagnosis, prevent unnecessary investigations, and ensure appropriate management.