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Risk Factors for 30-Day Hospital Readmission in Patients With Cancer: A Systematic Review With Emphasis on Older
Godswill O Nwabor1, Noor Subhani2, Desire Weke3
1Internal Medicine, Chesterfield Royal Hospital, Chesterfield, GBR.
Cureus
|June 22, 2026
Summary
Cancer patient readmissions are multifactorial, influenced by clinical issues, functional status, and social support. Older adults with cancer face unique risks, highlighting a need for geriatric-specific care strategies.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Geriatrics
- Healthcare Quality Research
Background:
- Thirty-day hospital readmission is a critical healthcare quality metric.
- Cancer patients, especially older adults, face elevated readmission risks due to complex health needs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and synthesize risk factors for 30-day hospital readmission in cancer patients.
- To emphasize risk factors specific to older adults within geriatric oncology.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search of MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library (Jan 2015-Mar 2026).
- Adherence to PRISMA 2020 guidelines.
- Inclusion of eight observational studies, categorizing risk factors into clinical, functional, treatment-related, and social domains.
Main Results:
- Comorbidity burden and hypoalbuminemia were consistent clinical predictors.
- Functional impairment and geriatric factors significantly increased readmission risk in older adults.
- Prolonged hospital stay, polypharmacy, and limited social support were also identified risk factors.
Conclusions:
- Cancer patient readmission is multifactorial, requiring multidimensional risk assessment.
- Limited geriatric-specific research necessitates targeted transitional care interventions.
- Future research should focus on prospective, geriatric-focused studies and validated risk prediction models.
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