Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells01:15

Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells

Common myeloid progenitors (CMPs) are oligopotent cells that can differentiate into granulocytes and macrophages. Granulocytes and macrophages are essential for protecting the body against bacterial, viral, or fungal infections. They migrate from the bone marrow into the circulating blood to reach specific tissue sites where they differentiate and help in immune surveillance. However, they survive only for a few days and must be continuously made available to the organism to maintain a robust...
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Confirmatory Molecular Diagnosis of <i>RFC1</i> Expansion in a Korean CANVAS Case Using Nanopore Cas9-Targeted Sequencing.

Journal of clinical neurology (Seoul, Korea)·2026
Same author

Differential toll-like receptor signaling pathways shape IL-1β-dependent inflammatory responses in chicken macrophages.

Poultry science·2026
Same author

IL-27-mediated hematopoietic dysregulation exacerbates disease severity in severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus infection.

Science translational medicine·2026
Same author

Discussing diseases in everyday talk: Examining the roles of medical and phatic patient-provider communication in promoting Chinese patients' healthy lifestyle behaviors.

Patient education and counseling·2026
Same author

Plasma metabolomic signatures associated with inhaled corticosteroid requirements in clinically stable asthma: a prospective cross-sectional study.

Respiratory research·2026
Same author

Long-term cross-variant Fc-mediated immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 induced by a heterologous adenoviral/inactivated virus prime-boost vaccination strategy.

NPJ vaccines·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

An In vitro Model to Study Immune Responses of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells to Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection
09:01

An In vitro Model to Study Immune Responses of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells to Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection

Published on: December 10, 2013

IL-4-mediated monocyte differentiation modulates CD163 expression and PRRSV infection.

Narae Kim1, Young-Jun Ju1, Yoon-Chul Kye1

  • 1Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Frontiers in Microbiology
|June 22, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Interleukin-4 (IL-4) influences how monocytes develop, impacting their susceptibility to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). IL-4 helps control PRRSV infection by regulating immune cell responses.

Keywords:
CD163CD8+ T cellinterleukin-4 (IL-4)monocyte derived cell (MDC)porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)

More Related Videos

Adenoviral Transduction of Naive CD4 T Cells to Study Treg Differentiation
15:33

Adenoviral Transduction of Naive CD4 T Cells to Study Treg Differentiation

Published on: August 13, 2013

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 23, 2026

An In vitro Model to Study Immune Responses of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells to Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection
09:01

An In vitro Model to Study Immune Responses of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells to Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection

Published on: December 10, 2013

Adenoviral Transduction of Naive CD4 T Cells to Study Treg Differentiation
15:33

Adenoviral Transduction of Naive CD4 T Cells to Study Treg Differentiation

Published on: August 13, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Host immune status significantly impacts viral infection susceptibility.
  • The role of cytokine-driven innate immune cell differentiation in viral permissiveness is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of IL-4-mediated monocyte differentiation on porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection.
  • To understand how IL-4 influences innate immune cell programming and viral permissiveness.

Main Methods:

  • Porcine monocytes were differentiated into monocyte-derived cells (MDCs) with or without IL-4, using GM-CSF.
  • PRRSV replication, CD163 expression, cytokine production (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10), and T cell proliferation were analyzed.
  • In vivo studies correlated plasma IL-4 levels with alveolar MDC CD163 expression and CD8+ T cell proportions in PRRSV-infected pigs.

Main Results:

  • PRRSV replication was significantly higher in MDCs differentiated without IL-4, associated with increased CD163 expression.
  • IL-4 downregulated CD163 expression in an IL-4-dependent manner.
  • MDCs without IL-4 showed reduced TNF-α but elevated IL-6/IL-10, increased CD80/SLA-1, and impaired CD8+ T cell proliferation.
  • In vivo, lower IL-4 correlated with higher CD163 and fewer CD8+ T cells in PRRSV-infected pigs.

Conclusions:

  • IL-4-mediated innate immune programming regulates cellular permissiveness to PRRSV.
  • IL-4 may contribute to protective host immune responses against PRRSV infection by modulating monocyte differentiation and function.