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Related Concept Videos

Gut-Brain Axis01:22

Gut-Brain Axis

The gut–brain axis is a bidirectional communication system that connects the gastrointestinal tract and the brain. This interaction is mediated through multiple pathways, including the vagus nerve, hormonal signals, immune responses, and chemical messengers produced by gut microbes.Microbial Contributions to Brain FunctionGut microbiota contributes significantly to brain function by producing neuroactive compounds. These include neuroactive compounds that influence neurotransmitters such as...
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Development of the Oral Microbiota01:28

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Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Experience-Dependent Remodeling of Juvenile Brain Olfactory Sensory Neuron Synaptic Connectivity in an Early-Life Critical Period
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Experience-Dependent Remodeling of Juvenile Brain Olfactory Sensory Neuron Synaptic Connectivity in an Early-Life Critical Period

Published on: March 1, 2024

The Critical Period Microbiota Shape Brain Plasticity.

Francesca Damiani, Kousha Changizi Ashtiani, Andrea Tognozzi

    Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology
    |June 22, 2026
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Disrupting the gut microbiota in young mice with antibiotics harms visual cortex plasticity. Restoring the juvenile gut microbiota in adults can recover this plasticity, highlighting a critical developmental window.

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    Last Updated: Jun 23, 2026

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    Assessment of Ultrastructural Neuroplasticity Parameters After In Utero Transduction of the Developing Mouse Brain and Spinal Cord
    10:28

    Assessment of Ultrastructural Neuroplasticity Parameters After In Utero Transduction of the Developing Mouse Brain and Spinal Cord

    Published on: February 26, 2019

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Microbiology
    • Developmental Biology

    Background:

    • The gut microbiota's influence on brain function is recognized.
    • Its role in postnatal experience-dependent plasticity is largely unknown.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the gut microbiota's role in visual cortex plasticity during postnatal development.
    • To determine if microbial disruptions impact ocular dominance plasticity (ODP).

    Main Methods:

    • Antibiotics were used to disrupt the gut microbiota in juvenile mice during critical developmental periods.
    • Transcriptional changes in the visual cortex were analyzed.
    • Fecal microbiota transplantation was performed from juvenile to adult mice.

    Main Results:

    • Antibiotic treatment impaired ocular dominance plasticity (ODP) in juvenile mice.
    • Microbial disruption led to significant transcriptional remodeling in the visual cortex, affecting key pathways.
    • Fecal transplantation restored ODP in adult recipients, indicating microbiota-dependent plasticity.

    Conclusions:

    • The gut microbiota is a novel regulator of neurodevelopmental plasticity.
    • Microbiota-dependent critical periods for brain development exist.
    • Early-life microbial disturbances can have long-term effects on brain function, and juvenile microbiota signals may enhance adult plasticity.