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Related Concept Videos

Lymphoid Cells and Tissues01:18

Lymphoid Cells and Tissues

Lymphoid cells and tissues are integral to the immune system, which is crucial in maintaining our body's defense against harmful pathogens. They form the building blocks of lymphoid organs, which include the spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes.
Lymphoid cells consist of various types of immune system cells. These include B and T lymphocytes, which are responsible for producing antibodies and killing infected cells, respectively. Dendritic cells act as messengers between the innate and adaptive...
Secondary Lymphoid Organs01:15

Secondary Lymphoid Organs

Secondary organs, including lymph nodes, the spleen, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), work harmoniously to protect us from disease and infection.
The spleen is a vital organ in the lymphatic system, nestled in the upper left side of the abdomen. It is composed of two primary regions: the red pulp and the white pulp, each having distinct functions. The red pulp performs a significant role in blood filtration. It efficiently purges the blood of old or damaged red blood cells and...
Primary Lymphoid Organs01:16

Primary Lymphoid Organs

Primary lymphoid organs are pivotal in the formation, development, and maturation of lymphocytes, the white blood cells that serve as the backbone of our immune system. This crucial function underscores their fundamental role in maintaining our overall health and immunity. The two primary lymphoid organs of prime importance are the red bone marrow and the thymus.
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Detailed Structure and Function of Lymph Nodes01:23

Detailed Structure and Function of Lymph Nodes

Lymph nodes are bean-shaped structures that cluster along the lymphatic vessels in the inguinal, axillary, and cervical regions. Each node is divided into compartments by a capsule that extends trabeculae inward.
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Histology of the Small Intestine01:27

Histology of the Small Intestine

The small intestine exhibits a unique histological structure that significantly enhances its function in digestion and nutrient absorption. These structures include circular folds, villi, and various specialized cells that collectively facilitate the digestion of food.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Collection and Processing of Lymph Nodes from Large Animals for RNA Analysis: Preparing for Lymph Node Transcriptomic Studies of Large Animal Species
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Published on: May 19, 2018

Mature tertiary lymphoid structures in pilonidal sinus disease.

Radhika Gupta1, Rishi Raghav Suresh2, Jeffrey L Roberson3

  • 1Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.

JID Innovations : Skin Science From Molecules to Population Health
|June 22, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Pilonidal sinus disease (PSD) involves immune cell aggregates called tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs). Their presence suggests a potential autoimmune component, unlike simple inflammation.

Keywords:
AutoimmunityAutoinflammatory diseasesB cellsHidradenitis suppurativaPilonidal sinus diseaseT cells

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Last Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Collection and Processing of Lymph Nodes from Large Animals for RNA Analysis: Preparing for Lymph Node Transcriptomic Studies of Large Animal Species
12:53

Collection and Processing of Lymph Nodes from Large Animals for RNA Analysis: Preparing for Lymph Node Transcriptomic Studies of Large Animal Species

Published on: May 19, 2018

Isolation of Human Lymphatic Endothelial Cells by Multi-parameter Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting
07:36

Isolation of Human Lymphatic Endothelial Cells by Multi-parameter Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting

Published on: May 1, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Dermatology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Pilonidal sinus disease (PSD) presents as recurrent abscesses/sinus tracts in the sacrococcygeal region.
  • The exact pathophysiology of PSD is not fully understood, but involves inflammatory infiltrates.
  • Immune cell organization in PSD requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the spatial organization of immune cells in chronic pilonidal sinus disease.
  • To identify the presence and characteristics of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) in PSD.
  • To explore potential shared pathogenetic mechanisms between PSD and similar inflammatory skin conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Histological analysis using Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining.
  • Immunofluorescence staining for T cells, B cells, and follicular dendritic cells.
  • Examination of skin samples from 10 chronic PSD patients and 5 healthy controls.

Main Results:

  • PSD samples exhibited dense immune infiltrates, including lymphoid and plasma cell aggregates.
  • Numerous tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs), including immature and mature forms, were identified in PSD samples but not in controls.
  • A correlation was observed between higher TLS density and abundant plasma cells in PSD samples.

Conclusions:

  • Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) and germinal centers are present in pilonidal sinus disease.
  • The immune profile in PSD, particularly the presence of TLSs and plasma cells, suggests a potential autoimmune component.
  • Findings may indicate shared pathogenesis with other inflammatory skin diseases like hidradenitis suppurativa.