Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

An Experimental Paradigm for the Prediction of Post-Operative Pain (PPOP)
14:56

An Experimental Paradigm for the Prediction of Post-Operative Pain (PPOP)

Published on: January 27, 2010

Development and Content Validation of the ACFP-DP: A Questionnaire on Parental Attitudes, Beliefs, and Knowledge

Abel Checa-Peñalver1,2, Inmaculada García-Valdivieso2, Juan Manuel Pérez-Pozuelo3

  • 1Pediatric Inpatient Department, Toledo University Hospital (HUT), Toledo, Spain.

Sage Open Pediatrics
|June 22, 2026
PubMed

Insights

The ACFP-DP tool shows promise for assessing parental pediatric pain knowledge. Initial expert review and pilot testing indicate good content validity and comprehensibility for this important pediatric pain assessment.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Healthcare
  • Pain Management
  • Health Psychology

Background:

  • Parental attitudes, beliefs, and knowledge significantly influence pediatric pain management.
  • A validated tool is needed to accurately assess these parental factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and conduct a preliminary content validation of the Attitudes, Beliefs, and Knowledge about Pediatric Pain (ACFP-DP) scale.
  • To assess parental attitudes, beliefs, and knowledge regarding pediatric pain.

Main Methods:

  • Methodological cross-sectional study involving expert content appraisal and pilot testing.
  • An initial item pool was reviewed by 7 experts and pilot-tested with 41 parents of hospitalized children.
  • Content validity indices (I-CVI, S-CVI/Ave) and modified kappa coefficients were calculated.

Main Results:

  • Experts rated clarity, pertinence, and relevance with high agreement (Mean I-CVI=0.89, S-CVI/Ave=0.878-0.905).
  • Modified kappa coefficients ranged from 0.66 to 1.00, indicating good inter-rater reliability.
  • Pilot testing showed high self-reported comprehensibility (94.9%).

Conclusions:

  • The ACFP-DP demonstrates preliminary content validity and high pilot comprehensibility.
  • Further psychometric validation, including reliability and structural validity, is required before widespread use.
  • This tool has the potential to improve the assessment of parental factors in pediatric pain management.

Keywords:
caregiverscontent validityfamily-centered careparentspediatric painquestionnaire development

More Related Videos

Quantifying Pain Location and Intensity with Multimodal Pain Body Diagrams09:00

Quantifying Pain Location and Intensity with Multimodal Pain Body Diagrams

Published on: July 7, 2023

Related Concept Videos

Data Collection III01:05

Data Collection III

The physical assessment examines the patient for objective data that defines the patient's condition, and aids in formulating the nursing care plan. The purpose of physical assessment is a health status appraisal, which includes identifying health problems, and establishing a database for nursing intervention.
The principles to begin the physical assessment include conducting a comprehensive or problem-related history in a quiet, well-lit room, emphasizing privacy and comfort for the patient.
Parenting Styles01:27

Parenting Styles

Diana Baumrind's four parenting styles — authoritarian, authoritative, neglectful, and permissive — each influence children's socio-emotional development differently.
Authoritarian Parenting
This style is strict and controlling, with little room for open dialogue. Authoritarian parents demand obedience and often enforce rules with minimal warmth. Children raised this way may lack social skills and initiative, usually comparing themselves to others unfavorably.
Authoritative Parenting
This...
Formulating and Validating Nursing Diagnosis II01:25

Formulating and Validating Nursing Diagnosis II

Nursing diagnoses represent a problem validated by major defining characteristics. There are four categories of nursing diagnoses: problem-focused, risk, health promotion or wellness, and syndrome. The anatomy of a nursing diagnosis includes three components: problem statement or diagnostic label, defining characteristics, and related factors.
Risk nursing diagnoses represent clinical judgments of an individual, family, or community more vulnerable to developing the health problem than others...
Formulating and Validating Nursing Diagnosis I01:26

Formulating and Validating Nursing Diagnosis I

A nursing diagnosis is written when the nurse recognizes a cluster of essential patient data indicating health problems treated with independent nursing interventions. The standardized terminologies of a nursing diagnosis help nurses identify and treat patients' problems. Every electronic health record that uses nursing diagnosis must employ standard diagnostic terminology. Developing an efficient, individualized care plan begins with accurate nursing diagnoses.
There are thirteen domains for...
Methods of Documentation III: PIE01:21

Methods of Documentation III: PIE

Problem-intervention-evaluation (PIE) is a systematic approach to documentation used in healthcare settings for clinical decision-making and patient care planning. It is a structured approach to organizing patient data based on problems, interventions, and evaluations. Here's a breakdown of its key features and considerations:
Assessment of the Gastrointestinal System II: Health Perception Pattern01:29

Assessment of the Gastrointestinal System II: Health Perception Pattern

Assessing the gastrointestinal (GI) system is a complex process that begins with collecting subjective data. This data, collected through patient interviews, provides crucial insights into the patient's health history, perception patterns, and lifestyle habits, all contributing significantly to GI health.
Health Perception Patterns
Health perception patterns offer valuable insights into a patient's lifestyle habits and how they may impact their GI health. These patterns include: