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Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Ex Vivo OCT-Based Multimodal Imaging of Human Donor Eyes for Research into Age-Related Macular Degeneration
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Preterm Optic Disc Morphology on Handheld OCT and 5-Year Visual Outcomes.

Rodrigo Guillen1, Zahraa Omar Alomar1, Hyeshin Jeon2,3

  • 1University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington.

Ophthalmology Science
|June 22, 2026
PubMed
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Neonatal optic disc measurements in premature infants did not predict long-term visual acuity. However, deeper optic cups and higher cup-to-disc ratios were linked to increased hyperopia at age 5.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Premature infants are at increased risk for visual impairments.
  • Early detection and prediction of visual outcomes are crucial for timely intervention.
  • Optic disc morphology may offer insights into long-term visual development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if neonatal optic disc morphology, measured by handheld spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), predicts visual acuity (VA) and refractive outcomes in premature infants.
  • To explore potential biomarkers for refractive development in preterm infants.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of an observational study involving premature infants.
  • Handheld SD-OCT imaging at ~36 weeks' postmenstrual age (PMA) to quantify optic disc parameters (diameter, cup depth, cup-to-disc ratio [CDR]).
Keywords:
Cup-to-disc ratioPremature infantsRefractive errorSpectral-domain OCTVisual acuity

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  • Assessment of visual acuity and cycloplegic refraction at 9 months, 2 years, and 5 years.

    • Main Results:

    • Optic disc metrics (diameter, cup depth, CDR) at 36 weeks' PMA were not associated with visual acuity or spherical equivalent (SE) at 9 months or 2 years.
    • Neonatal optic disc morphology did not predict visual acuity at 5 years.
    • Greater neonatal cup depth and higher CDR were significantly associated with increased hyperopia at 5 years.

    Conclusions:

    • Neonatal optic disc morphology, while not predictive of visual acuity, is associated with refractive development in premature infants.
    • Deeper optic cups and larger CDRs in neonates may indicate a predisposition to developing hyperopia later in childhood.
    • These findings suggest optic disc parameters as potential novel biomarkers for refractive development in the preterm population.