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In Situ Neutron Powder Diffraction Using Custom-made Lithium-ion Batteries
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Phase Transformation Enables Stable Cycling and Fast Charging of Cation-Disordered Rocksalt Cathodes.

Ji Qian1, Di Huang1, Yang Ha2

  • 1Energy Technologies and Systems Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|June 22, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a novel Li-excess disordered rocksalt (DRX) cathode for advanced lithium-ion batteries. This material offers high capacity and long cycle life, crucial for next-generation energy storage solutions.

Keywords:
Li-ion battery, high-energy cathodecathode-electrolyte interphasecation-disordered rocksaltselectrochemical kineticsfast-charging capabilityspinel-like phase transformation

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • High-capacity, long-life cathodes are essential for improving lithium-ion battery performance.
  • Current battery technology faces limitations in energy density and longevity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize a novel Li-excess cation-disordered rocksalt (DRX) cathode material.
  • To evaluate the electrochemical performance, including capacity, cycle life, and charge rates.
  • To investigate the structural and chemical stability during electrochemical cycling.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of Li-excess disordered rocksalt cathode material (Li 1.167Mn 0.7Ti 0.133O 1.8F 0.2).
  • Electrochemical testing including galvanostatic cycling and rate capability measurements.
  • Characterization using X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).

Main Results:

  • The developed DRX cathode (M 0.7F 0.2) delivered a capacity approaching 250 mAh g -1 with excellent cycling stability (200 mAh g -1 over 200 cycles) at an average discharge voltage of 3.1 V.
  • Fast charging capability was achieved, with over 240 mAh g -1 at 2C for 100 cycles, attributed to the formation of a spinel-like phase.
  • XAS and TEM confirmed reversible electrochemical redox processes and stable manganese local structures during 2 V discharge.

Conclusions:

  • The Li-excess disordered rocksalt cathode demonstrates significant potential for next-generation lithium-ion batteries.
  • The findings provide insights into overcoming kinetic limitations and optimizing the cathode-electrolyte interface for improved battery performance.
  • This work highlights a promising strategy for developing advanced cathode materials for high-energy storage applications.