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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Anteromesial Temporal Lobectomy for Medically Intractable Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: An Operative Study
11:29

Anteromesial Temporal Lobectomy for Medically Intractable Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: An Operative Study

Published on: August 15, 2025

Rethinking cortical hypertrophy in temporal lobe epilepsy.

Hélène Cossette-Roberge1, Binh Thanh Nguyen2, Fatemeh Fadaie3

  • 1Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, J1H 5N4, Canada.

Brain : a Journal of Neurology
|June 22, 2026
PubMed
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Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) involves brain changes beyond just atrophy. This review explores cortical hypertrophy in TLE, suggesting a more complex remodeling process in this common neurological disorder.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroimaging
  • Epilepsy Research

Background:

  • Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most common adult focal epilepsy.
  • Traditionally, TLE is characterized by hippocampal and extra-hippocampal atrophy.
  • Emerging evidence suggests cortical hypertrophy (increased thickness) also occurs in TLE.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize evidence for cortical hypertrophy in TLE.
  • To explore potential neurobiological mechanisms underlying cortical hypertrophy.
  • To discuss the implications for understanding TLE as a brain remodeling disorder.

Main Methods:

  • Narrative review of existing literature.
  • Overview of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) methods for measuring cortical thickness (surface-based, volume-based, voxel-based).
Keywords:
cortical thicknesshypertrophymorphometrystructural MRItemporal lobe epilepsy

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Last Updated: Jun 23, 2026

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  • Synthesis of MRI studies reporting cortical hypertrophy in TLE.

    • Main Results:

    • Multiple studies report cortical hypertrophy in TLE, challenging unidirectional atrophy models.
    • Variability exists in reported affected regions, patient cohorts, and analytical techniques.
    • Potential mechanisms include seizure-related remodeling, glial/inflammatory processes, and neuroplasticity.

    Conclusions:

    • Cortical hypertrophy is a recognized phenomenon in TLE.
    • Understanding both atrophy and hypertrophy is crucial for a comprehensive view of TLE.
    • Further research is needed on the biological validity, dynamics, and clinical relevance of cortical hypertrophy in TLE.